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    When Wannier centers jump: Critical points between atomic insulating phases

    Yunchao Zhang and T. Senthil

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 165124 – Published 13 April, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5ffp-nd62

    Abstract

    We study a class of quantum phase transitions between featureless bosonic atomic insulators in (2+1) dimensions, where each phase exhibits neither topological order nor protected edge modes. Despite their lack of topology, these insulators may be obstructed in the sense that their Wannier centers are not pinned to the physical atomic sites. These insulators represent distinct phases, as no symmetry-preserving adiabatic path connects them. Surprisingly, we find that for certain lattices, the critical point between these insulators can host a conformally invariant state described by quantum electrodynamics in (2+1) dimensions (QED3). The emergent electrodynamics at the critical point can be stabilized if embedding the microscopic lattice symmetries suppresses the proliferation of monopoles, suggesting that even transitions between trivial phases can harbor rich and unexpected physics. We analyze the mechanism behind this phenomenon, discuss its stability against perturbations, and explore the embedding of lattice symmetries into the continuum through anomaly matching. In all the models we analyze, we confirm that the QED3 is indeed emergeable, in the sense that it is realizable from a local lattice Hamiltonian.

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