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    Field-free magnetization switching in (111)-TmIG enabled by threefold symmetry and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

    Junya Huang1, Yan Li1, Shanshan Hu2, Jintao Ke3, J. W. Cai3, Zongzhi Zhang2, and Yaowen Liu1,*

    • *Contact author: yaowen@tongji.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 144437 – Published 29 April, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/562j-zshd

    Abstract

    Deterministic, field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization is a key requirement for scalable and energy-efficient spintronic memory. Recent experiments have demonstrated threefold rotational (3m) symmetry-driven spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching in epitaxial (111)-oriented Tm3Fe5O12 (TmIG)/Pt bilayers, where the deterministic switching is intrinsically governed by the magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) of TmIG. In this study, we employ micromagnetic simulations to investigate the role of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) on the switching behavior, which is governed by the same 3m crystal symmetry. We find that the DMI substantially reduces the effective anisotropy energy barrier by stabilizing a canted magnetization state, while simultaneously amplifying the symmetry-guided effective magnetic field arising from the intrinsic 3m MCA. This synergy between the DMI and the underlying crystal symmetry significantly accelerates the deterministic SOT switching process, resulting in an approximately 40% reduction in the magnetization switching relaxation time, with a distinct maximum reduction observed at an optimal DMI strength. These findings reveal a unique synergistic acceleration mechanism between the DMI and the 3m crystal symmetry, extending beyond the conventional symmetry-breaking role typically attributed to a DMI.

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