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    Nonvolatile electrically controlled spin valve via homojunction engineering

    Yinggan Zhang1,2, Baisheng Sa3,*, Jian Zhou1, and Zhimei Sun1,†

    • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
    • 2College of Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
    • 3Materials Genome Institute, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China

    • *Contact author: bssa@fzu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: zmsun@buaa.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 115425 – Published 25 March, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/4dv3-h2yn

    Abstract

    Achieving electrical control of magnetic states is highly pursued for next-generation nonvolatile memory, yet it remains a significant challenge in spintronic devices. In this study, we propose a homojunction-based strategy to realize fully electrical control of spin valve. We demonstrate that the multiferroic α-MXenes Cr2CO2 and Mn2CO2 exhibit not only ferromagnetic half-metallicity with high Curie temperatures but also a moderate ferroelectric dipole moment with feasible polarization-switching barriers. Owing to the robust magnetoelectric coupling effect, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states in Cr2CO2/Cr2CO2 and Mn2CO2/Mn2CO2 homojunctions can be toggled by switching their own polarization directions. To elucidate the underlying electric control mechanism, we constructed two spin valve devices with the following layered structures: 1T-MoS2/Cr2CO2/Cr2CO2/1T-MoS2 and 1T-MoS2/Mn2CO2/Mn2CO2/1T-MoS2. Remarkably, these spin valves exhibit engineered interfacial contacts and achieve a fully electrically controlled magnetoresistance ratio (MR) of ∼106%, benefiting from the distinctive junction properties and precisely tailored architecture. This study not only provides a perspective for the development of electrical writing and magnetic reading nonvolatile memory but also provides insights for designing other advanced spintronic devices.

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