Nonvolatile electrically controlled spin valve via homojunction engineering
Phys. Rev. B 113, 115425 – Published 25 March, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/4dv3-h2yn
Abstract
Achieving electrical control of magnetic states is highly pursued for next-generation nonvolatile memory, yet it remains a significant challenge in spintronic devices. In this study, we propose a homojunction-based strategy to realize fully electrical control of spin valve. We demonstrate that the multiferroic α-MXenes and exhibit not only ferromagnetic half-metallicity with high Curie temperatures but also a moderate ferroelectric dipole moment with feasible polarization-switching barriers. Owing to the robust magnetoelectric coupling effect, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states in and homojunctions can be toggled by switching their own polarization directions. To elucidate the underlying electric control mechanism, we constructed two spin valve devices with the following layered structures: 1T-/1T- and 1T-/1T-. Remarkably, these spin valves exhibit engineered interfacial contacts and achieve a fully electrically controlled magnetoresistance ratio (MR) of , benefiting from the distinctive junction properties and precisely tailored architecture. This study not only provides a perspective for the development of electrical writing and magnetic reading nonvolatile memory but also provides insights for designing other advanced spintronic devices.