We develop a self-consistent microscopic framework beyond mean-field theory for monolayer cuprate superconductivity. It couples fermionic quasiparticles with collective phase dynamics to treat the gap and superfluid stiffness. The phase sector explicitly incorporates both smooth bosonic Nambu-Goldstone phase fluctuations, renormalized by long-range Coulomb interactions, and topological BKT-type vortex-antivortex fluctuations. The required input is the correlated single-particle spectral function, enabling direct interfacing with Hubbard-type models. The theory provides access to key superconducting observables, including $T$-dependent gap and phase stiffness, gap-closing temperature $T_{\mathrm{os}}$, and transition temperature $T_c$, across wide ranges of doping. Using a solvable interaction model as input, our simulations reveal several important features consistent with experimental observations in cuprate superconductors: a $d$-wave superconducting dome in $T\text{−}p$ phase diagram with a shoulderlike anomaly in underdoped regime, a pronounced separation between $T_c$ and $T_{\mathrm{os}}$ signaling preformed Cooper pairing, a finite uncondensed normal component persisting even at $T=0$, and the onset temperature $T_{\mathrm{on},\mathrm{vortex}}$ of vortex signals, offering a consistent understanding of how strong correlations and phase fluctuations cooperate to shape high-$T_c$ superconductivity.

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• Superconducting fluctuations
• 2-dimensional systems
• Cuprates
• High-temperature superconductors
• Strongly correlated systems
• Many-body techniques
• Methods in superconductivity
• Renormalization group