Spin-orbit crossover and the origin of magnetic torque in kagome metals
Phys. Rev. B 114, 105136 – Published 24 August, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/3mmc-tsqr
Abstract
Recent experiments on the kagome metal reveal a curious phase transition-like feature: a nematic magnetic torque response that abruptly sets in at , above the known charge-density wave (CDW) transition at . Counterintuitively, elastoresistance measurements, a standard probe of nematicity, show no corresponding signal, ruling out a nematic phase transition and placing strong constraints on possible explanations. Beyond nematicity, the torque is paramagnetic for in-plane magnetic field, while above a critical out-of-plane field, an in-plane magnetization appears, accompanied by hysteresis. We show that this combination of features cannot be accounted for by charge-density waves or intraband magnetic order. Instead, we propose that interband ordering—via a symmetry-allowed interband spin-orbit coupling and a time-reversal and spatial symmetry-breaking interband order parameter—together with a background strain field, consistent with typical experimental conditions, provides a natural explanation; in our picture, the behavior at is understood as a crossover in the symmetry-allowed interband spin-orbit coupling strength. Our theory accounts for the nematic magnetic torque, hysteresis, and the transition-like onset at , while also making testable predictions, including strain-induced magnetization. In doing so, it challenges the prevailing view of the normal state.