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    Perfect self-similar surface acoustic wave beams via dislocated interdigital transducers

    Zhi-Wen Wang1, Zhen-hui Qin1, Yi-Han He1, Hua-Yang Chen1, Run-Yang Mao1, Zhi-Xin Zhao1, Si-Yuan Yu1,2,3,*, and Yan-Feng Chen1,2,3,†

    • *Contact author: yusiyuan@nju.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: yfchen@nju.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 195418 – Published 15 May, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/283p-rq4y

    Abstract

    Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) provide a versatile platform for signal processing, sensing, and emerging quantum technologies, yet their functionality is often constrained by diffraction-induced spreading. Here we introduce perfect self-similar beams (PSSBs) into acoustics and develop a theoretical and numerical framework adapted for SAWs on LiNbO3. Starting from the paraxial wave equation, we derive a closed-form error-function solution for an odd-symmetric 0/π entrance and design a dislocated interdigital transducer layout to encode the required phase distribution. To bridge the gap between ideal continuous apodization and practical implementation, we further introduce a multilevel voltage driving scheme to approximate the target transverse amplitude profile with high fidelity. Three-dimensional full-wave simulations confirm the hallmark properties of SAW PSSBs, including nondiffracting propagation, self-similar scaling, a robust central null, and self-healing after partial obstruction. This work establishes both a theoretical framework and a practical strategy for shaping diffraction-resilient SAW beams, with potential applications in micro/nano manipulation, phononic information processing, and acousto-optic or quantum coupling.

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