X-ray linear dichroism in the kagome antiferromagnet <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>Mn</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mi>Sn</mi></mrow></math>

Shoya Sakamoto; Tomoya Higo; Kenta Amemiya; Satoru Nakatsuji; Shinji Miwa

doi:10.1103/1spx-j59c

X-ray linear dichroism in the kagome antiferromagnet ${Mn}_{3} Sn$

Shoya Sakamoto ^1,2,3,*, Tomoya Higo ^4,1, Kenta Amemiya ⁵, Satoru Nakatsuji ^4,1,6,7, and Shinji Miwa ^1,6,†

¹The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
²Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
³Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
⁴Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
⁵Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
⁶Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
⁷Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA

^*Contact author: shoya.sakamoto.e1@tohoku.ac.jp
^†Contact author: miwa@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp

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Phys. Rev. B 113, 174418 – Published 18 May, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/1spx-j59c

Abstract

We report the observation of x-ray linear dichroism (XLD) at the Mn $L_{2, 3}$ edges in an epitaxial W/ ${Mn}_{3} Sn$ thin film with kagome planes oriented out of plane. A finite XLD signal is observed between linear polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the kagome planes, reflecting anisotropic orbital occupation of Mn $3 d$ states. The XLD spectra are qualitatively reproduced by atomic multiplet calculations, supporting an orbital-anisotropy origin of the dichroism. The XLD amplitude is comparable to that of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) arising from the magnetic dipole term, indicating significant spin polarization in the anisotropic orbitals. Furthermore, the calculations of the XMCD and XLD intensities as a function of the octupole orientation provide a basis for future microscopy experiments capable of imaging magnetic and crystallographic domains in noncollinear antiferromagnets.

Physical Review B

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X-ray linear dichroism in the kagome antiferromagnet ${Mn}_{3} Sn$

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X-ray linear dichroism in the kagome antiferromagnet Mn3Sn

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X-ray linear dichroism in the kagome antiferromagnet ${Mn}_{3} Sn$