We propose using Andreev bound states (ABS) as spectroscopic probes to characterize Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in quantum dot-based minimal Kitaev chains. Specifically, we show that tunneling conductance measurements with a superconducting probe hosting an ABS reveal four subgap peaks whose voltage positions and relative heights enable extraction of the MZM energy splitting and Bogoliubov-de Gennes coherence factors. This provides direct access to zero-splitting regimes and to the local Majorana polarization—a measure of the Majorana character. The method is compatible with existing experimental architectures and remains robust in extended chains.

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• Mesoscopics
• Superconductivity
• Topological materials
• Transport phenomena
• Nanostructures
• Quantum dots
• Green's function methods
• Kitaev model