• Accepted Paper

Cryogenic neutral-atom platform with full optical access and 2-hour trap lifetime

Akhil Kumar, Lorenzo Festa, Avishay Grinberg, Eran Reches, Dimitrios Tsevas, Kevin P. Mours, Zhao Zhang, Robin Eberhard, Sebastian Blatt, Andrea Alberti, Johannes Zeiher, Immanuel Bloch, and Max Melchner

Phys. Rev. Applied - Accepted 3 November, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/f674-hr1d

Abstract

Neutral-atom quantum processors are rapidly scaling toward system sizes of more than ten thousand qubits, allowing for the realization of a new class of quantum computing algorithms and quantum simulation experiments. However, current neutral-atom platforms generally have to find a compromise between the optical accessibility and the storage time of atoms in optical potentials, limiting the available qubit numbers. Here we report on the operation of a novel, cryogenically enhanced, neutral-atom apparatus that overcomes these apparently conflicting requirements. We demonstrate vacuum-limited trapping lifetimes of up to two hours of single 88Sr atoms in an optical tweezer array while preserving full optical access and without the need for complex cryogenic enclosures. Our measurements show that exceptionally long single-atom lifetimes can be achieved with a relatively simple cryostat design. Our architecture can be straightforwardly ported to other atomic species and shows a viable path for scaling up to arrays of tens of thousands of atoms.

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