• Accepted Paper

Hole-spin qubits in germanium beyond the single-particle regime

Andrea Secchi, Gaia Forghieri, Paolo Bordone, Daniel Loss, Stefano Bosco, and Filippo Troiani

Phys. Rev. Applied - Accepted 9 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9w1z-8x7g

Abstract

The intense simulation efforts on hole-spin qubits in germanium have so far focused primarily on singly occupied quantum dots. Here, we theoretically investigate three-hole qubits in germanium and demonstrate that their performance can rival that of single-hole qubits in both strained and unstrained systems. In particular, we find that — in the widely used quasi-circular geometry — a three-hole qubit encoding can yield enhancements of the Rabi frequencies of up to two orders of magnitude and a large advantage also in terms of quality factors.

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