Reconfigurable, anisotropic Huygens metasurfaces are limited to an angle beam steering between $30°$ and $40°$. This limitation can be overcome using bianotropy for wide-angle refraction. However, this type of reconfigurability requires a mechanism that allows for the broad tuning of the impedance of the unit cells while minimizing losses to increase the efficiency of refraction. This paper shows a methodology for the design and validation of a reconfigurable unit cell for anisotropic and bianisotropic Huygens metasurfaces. It proposes dual-resonant geometries to achieve reactance tunability of more than $150\mathrm{\Omega }$ and characterizes the reactances of various layers through simulations and waveguide measurements. The work includes interlayer coupling analysis and characterization of supercells that validate the reconfigurability of the unit cell for wide-angle refraction with an efficiency of 86% and phase-gradient applications for beam-tilting angles of $0°$, $15°$, and $30°$.

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• Beam control
• Impedance
• Metamaterials
• Optoelectronics
• Devices
• Metasurfaces
• Microwave techniques