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    Role of electron interactions in a failed insulator revealed by shot noise

    Mateusz Szurek*, Hanqiao Cheng, Zilu Pang, Yiou Zhang, and Sergei Urazhdin

    • *Contact author: mateusz.szurek@emory.edu

    Phys. Rev. Applied 25, 044090 – Published 30 April, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/p9l7-xbhf

    Abstract

    In materials known as failed insulators, electrical resistivity increases as temperature decreases, yet does not diverge—a phenomenon inconsistent with single-particle transport theories. We investigate the origin of this behavior by measuring shot noise in nanojunctions of nitrogen-doped β-Ta, a prototypical failed insulator and an efficient spin-orbitronic material. Junctions as short as 8 nm exhibit hot-electron shot noise, indicating strong electron interactions. We show that charge hopping mediated by electron interactions can account for the anomalous failed insulator properties. Based on our findings, we identify failed insulators as a distinct class of non-Fermi liquids, opening avenues for the studies of electron interactions and their applications.

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