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    Spin-current symmetries generated by the ferrimagnet Gd-Fe-Co across its magnetization-compensation temperature

    Héloïse Damas*, Michel Hehn, Juan-Carlos Rojas-Sánchez†, and Sébastien Petit-Watelot‡

    • *Contact author: heloise.damas@ru.nl
    • †Contact author: juan-carlos.rojas-sanchez@univ-lorraine.fr
    • ‡Contact author: sebastien.petit@univ-lorraine.fr

    Phys. Rev. Applied 25, 064037 – Published 9 June, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/j438-v6q9

    Abstract

    Ferrimagnets, composed of antiferromagnetically coupled magnetic sublattices whose net magnetization can be tuned by temperature, offer a unique platform for probing the symmetry of the spin currents they generate and for identifying the sublattice contributions to these currents. Here, we investigate the spin-current symmetries produced by a GdFeCo ferrimagnet at a fixed concentration and across a broad temperature range, including the magnetization-compensation point. Using complementary techniques based on spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we separate the contributions of the spin Hall effect (SHE) and the spin anomalous Hall effect (SAHE). We show that the torques arising from both mechanisms retain their sign across the magnetization-compensation temperature, and that the SAHE-driven damping-like torque has the opposite sign to the SHE-driven term. We suggest that both effects originate from distinct electronic subsystems: the SHE emerging from Gd 5d electrons, and the SAHE from FeCo 3d electrons. Consequently, the SHE sign remains insensitive to the magnetization state, whereas the SAHE sign does not invert at compensation, reproducing our observations. Together, these insights clarify the interplay between sublattices in ferrimagnetic spin transport and highlight the potential of ferrimagnetic spin currents to generate spin torques in adjacent layers or within the ferrimagnet itself.

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