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Compact strontium atomic beam source based on a two-dimensional grating magneto-optical trap

Hyun Gyung Lee1, Young-Ho Park2, Chang Yong Park1, Meung Ho Seo2, Hyun-Gue Hong2, Sang-Bum Lee1, Taeg Yong Kwon1, Seji Kang2, Sangwon Seo1 et al.

Sang Eon Park2, Jongcheol Park3, Yeeun Na3, Il-Suk Kang3, and Jae Hoon Lee1,*

  • *Contact author: jhloptics@kriss.re.kr
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Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 044065 – Published 21 October, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/htx8-dr68

Abstract

We present a two-dimensional grating magneto-optical trap (2D gMOT) for strontium, which produces a slow atomic beam in a compact form factor. The strontium 2D gMOT, using permanent magnets with an atomic dispenser, cools and traps atoms along two dimensions in the diffraction plane of a grating chip using the 1S0→1P1 (blue) transition. The system is configured in such a way that the atoms emitted from the dispenser source do not degrade the diffraction efficiency of the grating for long-term stable use. The performance of the 2D gMOT is analyzed with plug and probe beams, where the atomic source achieves a flux of 2.1×108 atoms/s and mean velocity of 6.4 m/s for an input laser power of 75 mW. The velocity measurement allows for the precise characterization of atom-photon scattering properties, showing that the compact 2D gMOT is suitable for portable quantum devices such as atomic clocks, quantum sensors, and precision spectroscopy.

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Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 044065– Published 21 October, 2025
  • Received 22 April 2025
  • Revised 27 August 2025
  • Accepted 19 September 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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