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    Strain effects on the fluctuation properties in noncollinear antiferromagnets: A first-principles and macrospin-based study

    Mohammad M. Rahman1,2,*, Farzad Mahfouzi1,2, Matthew W. Daniels3, and Mark D. Stiles3

    • *Contact author: mushfiqur.rahman.buet@gmail.com

    Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 054001 – Published 3 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/fxpw-ygkd

    Abstract

    We present a theoretical investigation of epitaxial strain effects on the magnetic fluctuation properties of Mn3Sn noncollinear antiferromagnets. Employing density functional theory (DFT), we uncover significant strain-induced modifications to key magnetic parameters, including magnetic anisotropy and both bilinear and biquadratic exchange interactions. Our findings reveal that the biquadratic exchange, often neglected, plays a crucial role in defining the magnetic energy landscape and its response to strain. These microscopic changes directly impact the energy barriers governing magnetic switching, thereby influencing thermal stability and fluctuation rates. Using macrospin-based simulations based on DFT-derived parameters, we provide a quantitative analysis of the macroscopic magnetic fluctuations influenced by these microscopic interactions. These insights are particularly relevant for applications requiring precisely controlled magnetic behavior, such as hardware for probabilistic computing.

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