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    Aluminum junctions with well-transmitted channels: A platform for higher-harmonic Josephson elements

    J. Griesmar1, H. Riechert1, A. Peugeot1,2, M. Hantute1, S. Annabi1, Ç.Ö. Girit3, G.O. Steffensen4, A.L. Yeyati4, E. Arrighi1 et al.

    L. Bretheau1,*,† and J.-D. Pillet1,*,‡

    • *These authors equally supervised this work.
    • †Contact author: landry.bretheau@polytechnique.edu
    • ‡Contact author: jean-damien.pillet@polytechnique.edu

    Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 064065 – Published 24 December, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/78vl-znpj

    Abstract

    We introduce an alternative method for fabricating all-aluminum Josephson junctions with highly transmitted conduction channels. Such properties are typically associated with structures requiring intricate fabrication processes, such as atomic contacts or hybrid junctions based on semiconducting nanowires and two-dimensional materials. In contrast, our approach relies solely on standard nanofabrication techniques. The resulting devices exhibit a key signature of high-transmission junctions—multiple Andreev reflections—in their current-voltage characteristics. Furthermore, we propose a straightforward superconducting circuit design based on these junctions, enabling the implementation of a parity-protected qubit.

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    Corrections

    17 February, 2026

    Correction: The colors for aluminum and aluminum oxide in the legend of Figure 1 were transposed and have been rectified.

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