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Lumped-element broadband SNAIL parametric amplifier with on-chip pump filter for multiplexed readout

V.R. Joshi1,*,†,‡, S. Hazra1,*,§, A.Z. Ding1,*,‖,¶, A. Miano1,*,**, W. Dai1,††, G. Umasankar1, A. Kottandavida1,¶, G. Liu1,‡‡, L. Frunzio1 et al.

M.H. Devoret1,2,3,§§

  • *Equal contributions.
  • †Contact author: vidul.joshi@yale.edu
  • ‡Current address: Microsoft Corporation.
  • §Contact author: sumeru.hazra@yale.edu
  • ‖Contact author: zhenghao.ding@yale.edu
  • Current address: AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Pasadena, CA, USA.
  • **Contact author: sandro.miano@yale.edu
  • ††Current address: Quantum Machines.
  • ‡‡Current address: Quantum Circuits Inc.
  • §§Contact author: michel.devoret@yale.edu

Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 044003 – Published 1 October, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5l86-pw21

Abstract

We present a SNAIL-based parametric amplifier that integrates a lumped-element impedance matching network for increased bandwidth and an on-chip pump-port filter for efficient pump delivery. The amplifier is fabricated using a single-layer optical lithography step, followed by a single-layer electron-beam-lithography step. We measure a flat 20-dB gain profile with less than 1-dB ripple across a bandwidth of up to 250 MHz on multiple devices, demonstrating robust performance against variations arising from fabrication and packaging. We characterize the amplifier’s linearity by analyzing gain compression and intermodulation distortion under simultaneous multi-tone excitation. We show that the intermodulation products remain suppressed by more than 23 dB relative to the signal tones, even at the 1-dB gain compression point. We further validate its utility by performing simultaneous high-fidelity readout of two transmon qubits, achieving state assignment fidelities of 99.51% and 98.55%. The combination of compact design, fabrication simplicity, and performance robustness makes this amplifier a practical device for quantum experiments with superconducting circuits.

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