Prescriptive preparation and verification of nonstabilizer states
Phys. Rev. Applied 26, 014074 – Published 23 July, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/4hxp-fswy
Abstract
High-fidelity quantum-state preparation is a central task in quantum information science. In practice, it is commonly guided either by full quantum state tomography, which becomes prohibitively resource-intensive as system size grows, or by empirically chosen measurement settings that lack principled optimality. Here, we show that quantum state verification (QSV) can be elevated from a purely diagnostic tool to a prescriptive framework for quantum-state preparation, directly specifying experimentally optimal measurements and quantitative fidelity indicators without full state reconstruction. We experimentally realize this prescriptive paradigm using a three-qubit nonstabilizer state and a modified homogeneous QSV protocol. The verification measurements not only certify the prepared state with high confidence but also serve as a tomography-free indicator that systematically informs the preparation procedure. Using only nine measurement settings and samples, we achieve high-fidelity state preparation consistent with full tomography that requires orders of magnitude more resources. Beyond the present implementation, the prescriptive structure of QSV is naturally compatible with closed-loop feedback control, outlining a pathway toward genuine real-time quantum-state preparation in future low-latency platforms.