Ferromagnetic traps for quasicontinuous operation of optical nanofiber interfaces
Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 034015 – Published 5 September, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/413r-dn5p
Abstract
A soft ferromagnetic plate uniformizes tesla-level fields generated by attached permanent magnets, producing a smooth and electronically tunable surface field on the opposite side. By arranging precisely fabricated rectangular plates, a nearly ideal magnetic quadrupole field with a substantial gradient can be created at the center. This robust and rapidly tunable field configuration is well suited for two-dimensional magneto-optical trapping (2D MOT) and magnetic guiding of cold atoms. By aligning an optical nanofiber (ONF) along the zero-field line of a planar 2D MOT in a two-plate assembly, we demonstrate quasicontinuous, field-free operation of the quantum optical interface without switching off the magnetic field. Transient transmission spectroscopy with nanosecond laser pulses is performed on the line at a measurement repetition rate as high as 250 kHz. The observed line broadening, while not yet fully understood, is partially attributed to residual magnetic fields in the assembly. Through additional measurements and simulations, we verify that these residual fields can be fully eliminated in an assembly, resulting in an ultrastraight 2D trap that supports uniform light-atom interaction over exceptionally long, field-free distances. We extend our discussion to , designs with similar uniformity but multiple zero-field lines. With its strong gradient for magnetic trapping, the ferromagnetic devices also enable quantum optical scenarios featuring interactions between coguided atoms and photons at ONF interfaces.