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    Phase-sensitive Rydberg-atom interferometry with Floquet electromagnetically induced transparency

    Yingying Han1,*, Changfa He1, Peng Xu2,3, Yanting Zhao4,5, Tao Wang6,7,†, and Weidong Li1,‡

    • 1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Intense Laser Application Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118 Guangdong, China
    • 2School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan, China
    • 3Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan, China
    • 4State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi, China
    • 5Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi, China
    • 6Department of Physics, and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, 401331 Chongqing, China
    • 7Center of Modern Physics, Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Liyang, 213300 Jiangsu, China

    • *Contact author: hanyingying@sztu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: tauwaang@cqu.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: liweidong@sztu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Applied 24, 024063 – Published 26 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2crh-5yvr

    Abstract

    We design phase-sensitive Rydberg-atom interferometry by implementing Floquet electromagnetically induced transparency (FEIT). The FEIT mixes the sidebands of a Rydberg state induced by a megahertz radio frequency (rf) field and recombines them into FEIT bands. The FEIT bands act as screens to present the interference between paths with different phases, which are transitions between the sidebands and excited states. This interferometry can measure the phase of a megahertz rf field without a local rf reference field. A phase reference is supplied to the atoms via a periodic electrical signal in the FEIT. We demonstrate that the megahertz rf phase can be resolved over the full 2π range with a theoretical accuracy of 10−4 rad. Moreover, the rf amplitude can also be resolved with higher accuracy than with the traditional EIT-based scheme.

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