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Design and nonlinear optimization of a one-fold lattice for the Super Tau-Charm Facility collider rings

Tao Liu1, Anton Bogomyagkov2, Demin Zhou3,4,*, Penghui Yang5, Sangya Li5, Linhao Zhang1, Ye Zou1, Jingyu Tang1, and Qing Luo1,5,†

  • *Contact author: dmzhou@post.kek.jp
  • †Contact author: luoqing@ustc.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 29, 083703 – Published 28 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/44m8-gk5x

Abstract

The Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF) is a proposed high-luminosity electron-positron collider operating at beam energies of 1–3.5 GeV, with a nominal peak-luminosity target exceeding 0.5×1035  cm−2 s−1 at 2 GeV. At such low energies, the combined effects of beam-beam interactions in the crab-waist collision scheme, collective effects, and Touschek scattering impose stringent requirements on the dynamic aperture, momentum acceptance, and beam lifetime. This paper presents the design and nonlinear optimization of a one-fold lattice for the STCF collider rings. The design procedure consists of three main steps: lattice-independent optimization of the global machine parameters under luminosity, beam-beam, collective effects, and lifetime constraints; design of a compact interaction region (IR) with local chromatic correction and dedicated crab-waist sextupoles; and full-ring nonlinear optimization. The last step employs a two-stage strategy combining analysis-driven preoptimization with tracking-based refinement. Particular emphasis is placed on controlling momentum- and amplitude-dependent nonlinearities in the IR and preserving the nonlinear transparency of the crab-waist sextupole pair. At 2 GeV, the optimized lattice achieves a theoretical peak luminosity of 1.1×1035  cm−2 s−1 while maintaining sufficient dynamic aperture, momentum acceptance, and a Touschek lifetime of approximately 600 s. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed staged optimization strategy and provide a systematic framework for the design of high-luminosity, low-energy electron-positron colliders.

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Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 29, 083703– Published 28 August, 2026
  • Received 19 May 2026
  • Accepted 13 August 2026
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