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Hybrid-pair superfluidity in a strongly driven Fermi gas

Brendan C. Mulkerin1,*, Olivier Bleu1,*, Cesar R. Cabrera2,3, Meera M. Parish1, and Jesper Levinsen1

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.

Phys. Rev. A 112, 013314 – Published 22 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xtfy-8nrt

Abstract

We explore the paired superfluid phases of a Fermi gas in the presence of a continuous Rabi drive. We focus on the case where two components are Rabi coupled strongly enough that they form hybrid superpositions, which in turn interact with an uncoupled third component. Using a generalized Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) ansatz, we show that there are two coupled superfluid order parameters, and we obtain the associated free energy and quasiparticle excitation spectrum. We find that we can drive BCS-BCS, BCS-Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), and BEC-BEC crossovers purely by varying the detuning of the Rabi drive from the bare transition, with the precise crossover depending on the sign of the underlying interactions between the coupled and uncoupled components. We furthermore identify an exotic excited branch which features both normal to BCS superfluid transitions, as well as a BCS-BEC-BCS crossover. Introducing a generalized Thouless criterion, we show that this behavior is reflected in the critical temperature for superfluidity. Our Rabi-coupled scenario also possesses additional thermodynamic properties related to the pseudospin of the coupled components, which provide novel signatures of the state of the many-body system. The Rabi-driven Fermi gas thus emerges as a unique platform for engineering and probing a rich array of multiband superfluid phases.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

See Also

Scattering resonances and pairing in a Rabi-coupled Fermi gas

Olivier Bleu, Brendan C. Mulkerin, Cesar R. Cabrera, Jesper Levinsen, and Meera M. Parish
Phys. Rev. A 112, L011304 (2025)

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