The Dicke-Hubbard model, describing an ensemble of interacting atoms in a cavity, provides a rich platform for exploring collective quantum phenomena. However, its potential for quantum thermodynamic applications remains largely uncharted. In this paper, a close connection between superradiance phase transition and the quantum thermodynamic applications of the Dicke-Hubbard model is established. Based on studies of the steady-state superradiant phase transition in the Dicke-Hubbard model and the thermodynamic mode of an Otto cycle with the Dicke-Hubbard model as the working substance, it is demonstrated that the steady-state synergistic mechanism under high and low temperature environments is the reason for the emergence of high-performance heat engines, while the competitive mechanism leads to the appearance of high-performance quantum refrigerators. A comparison of the thermodynamic behaviors of the Otto cycle with the Dicke model and the Dicke-Hubbard model as working substances reveals that the multicavity-coupled Dicke-Hubbard model achieves a higher coefficient of performance. These results not only deepens our understanding of the energy conversion mechanism in non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics but also lays a theoretical foundation for the future experimental design of high-performance quantum Otto heat engines and refrigerators.