Volume 115, Issue 12

18 September 2015

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On the Cover

Procedure for fabricating vertically oriented Angstrom gaps for optical purposes, using graphene as spacer. From left to right: photolithography, single-layer graphene growth, metal deposition and peeling off. Selected for an Editors' Suggestion.

From the article:

Electromagnetic Saturation of Angstrom-Sized Quantum Barriers at Terahertz Frequencies
Young-Mi Bahk, Bong Joo Kang, Yong Seung Kim, Joon-Yeon Kim, Won Tae Kim, Tae Yun Kim, Taehee Kang, Jiyeah Rhie, Sanghoon Han, Cheol-Hwan Park, Fabian Rotermund, and Dai-Sik Kim
Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 125501 (2015)

HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLES

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dispersion Distance and the Matter Distribution of the Universe in Dispersion Space

Kiyoshi Wesley Masui and Kris Sigurdson

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121301 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

Analysis of radio pulses from very distant objects may offer a new way to map the Universe.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Discovery of $τ$ Neutrino Appearance in the CNGS Neutrino Beam with the OPERA Experiment

N. Agafonova et al. (OPERA Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121802 (2015) - Published 17 September, 2015

OPERA experiment crosses “5 sigma” threshold for detection of muon neutrinos turning into tau neutrinos.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions

Steve M. Young and Charles L. Kane

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126803 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Theorists identify two-dimensional crystal structures that could host Dirac electrons similar to those observed in graphene.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Semiconductor-Nanowire-Based Superconducting Qubit

T. W. Larsen, K. D. Petersson, F. Kuemmeth, T. S. Jespersen, P. Krogstrup, J. Nygård, and C. M. Marcus

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 127001 (2015) - Published 14 September, 2015

A qubit made of a semiconducting nanowire sandwiched between two superconductors could simplify the design of quantum information processing architectures.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Realization of Microwave Quantum Circuits Using Hybrid Superconducting-Semiconducting Nanowire Josephson Elements

G. de Lange, B. van Heck, A. Bruno, D. J. van Woerkom, A. Geresdi, S. R. Plissard, E. P. A. M. Bakkers, A. R. Akhmerov, and L. DiCarlo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 127002 (2015) - Published 14 September, 2015

A qubit made of a semiconducting nanowire sandwiched between two superconductors could simplify the design of quantum information processing architectures.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

Dynamic Weakening by Acoustic Fluidization during Stick-Slip Motion

F. Giacco, L. Saggese, L. de Arcangelis, E. Lippiello, and M. Pica Ciamarra

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 128001 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

Acoustic waves spontaneously appear inside a simulated fault right before it begins to slip.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Quasilocal Conserved Operators in the Isotropic Heisenberg Spin- $1 / 2$ Chain

Enej Ilievski, Marko Medenjak, and Tomaž Prosen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120601 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

A set of conserved operators is uncovered for an interacting spin model that allows a consistent quantum thermodynamical description of these interacting systems via its generalized Gibbs ensemble.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Entanglement Entropy in Two-Dimensional String Theory

Sean A. Hartnoll and Edward A. Mazenc

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121602 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

The entropy of entanglement of a simple two dimensional model of quantum gravity is calculated by reducing the computation to an analysis of free fermions in one spatial dimension.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Coulomb Bound States of Strongly Interacting Photons

M. F. Maghrebi, M. J. Gullans, P. Bienias, S. Choi, I. Martin, O. Firstenberg, M. D. Lukin, H. P. Büchler, and A. V. Gorshkov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 123601 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Rydberg atoms can be used to mediate an effective Coulomb interaction between photons, according to this theoretical proposal.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Electromagnetic Saturation of Angstrom-Sized Quantum Barriers at Terahertz Frequencies

Young-Mi Bahk, Bong Joo Kang, Yong Seung Kim, Joon-Yeon Kim, Won Tae Kim, Tae Yun Kim, Taehee Kang, Jiyeah Rhie, Sanghoon Han, Cheol-Hwan Park, Fabian Rotermund, and Dai-Sik Kim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 125501 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

A 97% decrease in the normalized transmission of THz pulses is observed through subwavelength openings in van der Waals materials —- layered 2D materials with graphene-like properties.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Observation of the Zero Hall Plateau in a Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator

Yang Feng, Xiao Feng, Yunbo Ou, Jing Wang, Chang Liu, Liguo Zhang, Dongyang Zhao, Gaoyuan Jiang, Shou-Cheng Zhang, Ke He, Xucun Ma, Qi-Kun Xue, and Yayu Wang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126801 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Conductivity features of thin film topological insulators suggest a profound difference between the quantum hall and anomalous quantum Hall effects.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Electrical Tuning of Exciton Binding Energies in Monolayer ${WS}_{2}$

Alexey Chernikov, Arend M. van der Zande, Heather M. Hill, Albert F. Rigosi, Ajanth Velauthapillai, James Hone, and Tony F. Heinz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126802 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

An externally applied voltage in a transistor device can continuously tune the binding energy of excitons in monolayer WS $_{2}$ .

LETTERS

General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.

Improving the Precision of Weak Measurements by Postselection Measurement

Shengshi Pang and Todd A. Brun

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120401 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

Majorana Braiding with Thermal Noise

Fabio L. Pedrocchi and David P. DiVincenzo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120402 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

Landauer’s Principle in Multipartite Open Quantum System Dynamics

S. Lorenzo, R. McCloskey, F. Ciccarello, M. Paternostro, and G. M. Palma

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120403 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Nonclassicality of Temporal Correlations

Stephen Brierley, Adrian Kosowski, Marcin Markiewicz, Tomasz Paterek, and Anna Przysiężna

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120404 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Quasilocal Conserved Operators in the Isotropic Heisenberg Spin- $1 / 2$ Chain

Enej Ilievski, Marko Medenjak, and Tomaž Prosen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120601 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

A set of conserved operators is uncovered for an interacting spin model that allows a consistent quantum thermodynamical description of these interacting systems via its generalized Gibbs ensemble.

Universality at Breakdown of Quantum Transport on Complex Networks

Nikolaj Kulvelis, Maxim Dolgushev, and Oliver Mülken

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 120602 (2015) - Published 17 September, 2015

Gravitation and Astrophysics

High-Energy Cosmic Ray Self-Confinement Close to Extra-Galactic Sources

Pasquale Blasi, Elena Amato, and Marta D’Angelo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121101 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

Fast and Accurate Prediction of Numerical Relativity Waveforms from Binary Black Hole Coalescences Using Surrogate Models

Jonathan Blackman, Scott E. Field, Chad R. Galley, Béla Szilágyi, Mark A. Scheel, Manuel Tiglio, and Daniel A. Hemberger

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121102 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dispersion Distance and the Matter Distribution of the Universe in Dispersion Space

Kiyoshi Wesley Masui and Kris Sigurdson

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121301 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

Analysis of radio pulses from very distant objects may offer a new way to map the Universe.

Elementary Particles and Fields

New Exact Quantization Condition for Toric Calabi-Yau Geometries

Xin Wang, Guojun Zhang, and Min-xin Huang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121601 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Entanglement Entropy in Two-Dimensional String Theory

Sean A. Hartnoll and Edward A. Mazenc

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121602 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

The entropy of entanglement of a simple two dimensional model of quantum gravity is calculated by reducing the computation to an analysis of free fermions in one spatial dimension.

Loop Integrands for Scattering Amplitudes from the Riemann Sphere

Yvonne Geyer, Lionel Mason, Ricardo Monteiro, and Piotr Tourkine

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121603 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

First Observation of $C P$ Violation in ${\bar{B}}^{0} \to D_{C P}^{()} h^{0}$ Decays by a Combined Time-Dependent Analysis of BABAR* and Belle Data

A. Abdesselam et al. (BaBar Collaboration, Belle Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121604 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Twin Higgs Asymmetric Dark Matter

Isabel García García, Robert Lasenby, and John March-Russell

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121801 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Discovery of $τ$ Neutrino Appearance in the CNGS Neutrino Beam with the OPERA Experiment

N. Agafonova et al. (OPERA Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121802 (2015) - Published 17 September, 2015

OPERA experiment crosses “5 sigma” threshold for detection of muon neutrinos turning into tau neutrinos.

Search for Nucleon and Dinucleon Decays with an Invisible Particle and a Charged Lepton in the Final State at the Super-Kamiokande Experiment

V. Takhistov et al. (The Super-Kamiokande Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121803 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Dark Matter

Julian Heeck and Sudhanwa Patra

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 121804 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

New Exotic Meson and Baryon Resonances from Doubly Heavy Hadronic Molecules

Marek Karliner and Jonathan L. Rosner

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 122001 (2015) - Published 14 September, 2015

Nuclear Physics

Precision Nucleon-Nucleon Potential at Fifth Order in the Chiral Expansion

E. Epelbaum, H. Krebs, and U.-G. Meißner

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 122301 (2015) - Published 17 September, 2015

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Scaling Laws of the Two-Electron Sum-Energy Spectrum in Strong-Field Double Ionization

Difa Ye, Min Li, Libin Fu, Jie Liu, Qihuang Gong, Yunquan Liu, and J. Ullrich

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 123001 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

Joint Measurements of Terahertz Wave Generation and High-Harmonic Generation from Aligned Nitrogen Molecules Reveal Angle-Resolved Molecular Structures

Yindong Huang, Chao Meng, Xiaowei Wang, Zhihui Lü, Dongwen Zhang, Wenbo Chen, Jing Zhao, Jianmin Yuan, and Zengxiu Zhao

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 123002 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

Light-Dressing Effect in Laser-Assisted Elastic Electron Scattering by Xe

Yuya Morimoto, Reika Kanya, and Kaoru Yamanouchi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 123201 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Coulomb Bound States of Strongly Interacting Photons

M. F. Maghrebi, M. J. Gullans, P. Bienias, S. Choi, I. Martin, O. Firstenberg, M. D. Lukin, H. P. Büchler, and A. V. Gorshkov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 123601 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Rydberg atoms can be used to mediate an effective Coulomb interaction between photons, according to this theoretical proposal.

Nonlinear Dynamics, Fluid Dynamics, Classical Optics, etc.

Wake-Driven Dynamics of Finite-Sized Buoyant Spheres in Turbulence

Varghese Mathai, Vivek N. Prakash, Jon Brons, Chao Sun, and Detlef Lohse

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 124501 (2015) - Published 17 September, 2015

Plasma and Beam Physics

Absolute Instability near the Band Edge of Traveling-Wave Amplifiers

D. M. H. Hung, I. M. Rittersdorf, P. Zhang, D. Chernin, Y. Y. Lau, T. M. Antonsen, Jr., J. W. Luginsland, D. H. Simon, and R. M. Gilgenbach

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 124801 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Quasiperpendicular High Mach Number Shocks

A. H. Sulaiman, A. Masters, M. K. Dougherty, D. Burgess, M. Fujimoto, and G. B. Hospodarsky

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 125001 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Condensed Matter: Structure, etc.

Spatial Patterns in Rydberg Excitations from Logarithmic Pair Interactions

Wolfgang Lechner and Peter Zoller

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 125301 (2015) - Published 14 September, 2015

Impurity in a Bose-Einstein Condensate and the Efimov Effect

Jesper Levinsen, Meera M. Parish, and Georg M. Bruun

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 125302 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Electromagnetic Saturation of Angstrom-Sized Quantum Barriers at Terahertz Frequencies

Young-Mi Bahk, Bong Joo Kang, Yong Seung Kim, Joon-Yeon Kim, Won Tae Kim, Tae Yun Kim, Taehee Kang, Jiyeah Rhie, Sanghoon Han, Cheol-Hwan Park, Fabian Rotermund, and Dai-Sik Kim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 125501 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

A 97% decrease in the normalized transmission of THz pulses is observed through subwavelength openings in van der Waals materials —- layered 2D materials with graphene-like properties.

Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.

Fractional Chern Insulators in Harper-Hofstadter Bands with Higher Chern Number

Gunnar Möller and Nigel R. Cooper

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126401 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Observation of the Zero Hall Plateau in a Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator

Yang Feng, Xiao Feng, Yunbo Ou, Jing Wang, Chang Liu, Liguo Zhang, Dongyang Zhao, Gaoyuan Jiang, Shou-Cheng Zhang, Ke He, Xucun Ma, Qi-Kun Xue, and Yayu Wang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126801 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Conductivity features of thin film topological insulators suggest a profound difference between the quantum hall and anomalous quantum Hall effects.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Electrical Tuning of Exciton Binding Energies in Monolayer ${WS}_{2}$

Alexey Chernikov, Arend M. van der Zande, Heather M. Hill, Albert F. Rigosi, Ajanth Velauthapillai, James Hone, and Tony F. Heinz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126802 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

An externally applied voltage in a transistor device can continuously tune the binding energy of excitons in monolayer WS $_{2}$ .

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions

Steve M. Young and Charles L. Kane

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126803 (2015) - Published 16 September, 2015

Theorists identify two-dimensional crystal structures that could host Dirac electrons similar to those observed in graphene.

Charge Number Dependence of the Dephasing Rates of a Graphene Double Quantum Dot in a Circuit QED Architecture

Guang-Wei Deng, Da Wei, J. R. Johansson, Miao-Lei Zhang, Shu-Xiao Li, Hai-Ou Li, Gang Cao, Ming Xiao, Tao Tu, Guang-Can Guo, Hong-Wen Jiang, Franco Nori, and Guo-Ping Guo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126804 (2015) - Published 17 September, 2015

Fractional Quantum Hall States at $ν = 13 / 5$ and $12 / 5$ and Their Non-Abelian Nature

W. Zhu, S. S. Gong, F. D. M. Haldane, and D. N. Sheng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126805 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

Alloy Engineering of Defect Properties in Semiconductors: Suppression of Deep Levels in Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides

Bing Huang, Mina Yoon, Bobby G. Sumpter, Su-Huai Wei, and Feng Liu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126806 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

Enhanced Bulk-Edge Coulomb Coupling in Fractional Fabry-Perot Interferometers

C. W. von Keyserlingk, S. H. Simon, and Bernd Rosenow

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126807 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Semiconductor-Nanowire-Based Superconducting Qubit

T. W. Larsen, K. D. Petersson, F. Kuemmeth, T. S. Jespersen, P. Krogstrup, J. Nygård, and C. M. Marcus

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 127001 (2015) - Published 14 September, 2015

A qubit made of a semiconducting nanowire sandwiched between two superconductors could simplify the design of quantum information processing architectures.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Realization of Microwave Quantum Circuits Using Hybrid Superconducting-Semiconducting Nanowire Josephson Elements

G. de Lange, B. van Heck, A. Bruno, D. J. van Woerkom, A. Geresdi, S. R. Plissard, E. P. A. M. Bakkers, A. R. Akhmerov, and L. DiCarlo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 127002 (2015) - Published 14 September, 2015

A qubit made of a semiconducting nanowire sandwiched between two superconductors could simplify the design of quantum information processing architectures.

Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, and Interdisciplinary Physics

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

Dynamic Weakening by Acoustic Fluidization during Stick-Slip Motion

F. Giacco, L. Saggese, L. de Arcangelis, E. Lippiello, and M. Pica Ciamarra

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 128001 (2015) - Published 15 September, 2015

Acoustic waves spontaneously appear inside a simulated fault right before it begins to slip.

Subdominant Dense Clusters Allow for Simple Learning and High Computational Performance in Neural Networks with Discrete Synapses

Carlo Baldassi, Alessandro Ingrosso, Carlo Lucibello, Luca Saglietti, and Riccardo Zecchina

Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 128101 (2015) - Published 18 September, 2015