Topology for two types of soliton reactions: reconnection of the branches of two vortex lines (top), and separation of a loop from a parent line (bottom).
From the article:
Irreversible Hysteresis of Internal Structure of Tangle Dissipative Optical SolitonsS. V. Fedorov, N. A. Veretenov, and N. N. Rosanov
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 023903 (2019)
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