In standard optical imaging (top), a principal lens serves to focus the object onto a sensor. In plenoptic imaging (bottom), the lens focuses the object onto an array of microlenses, each of which maps out the main lens onto a macropixel of the sensor, thus preserving directional information.
From the article:
Correlation Plenoptic ImagingMilena D’Angelo, Francesco V. Pepe, Augusto Garuccio, and Giuliano Scarcelli
Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 223602 (2016)
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