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Intrinsic Nonlinear Hall Effect and Gate-Switchable Berry Curvature Sliding in Twisted Bilayer Graphene

Meizhen Huang1,*, Zefei Wu1,*,†,§, Xu Zhang2,*, Xuemeng Feng1, Zishu Zhou1, Shi Wang1, Yong Chen1,3, Chun Cheng3, Kai Sun4 et al.

Zi Yang Meng2,‡ and Ning Wang1,∥

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
  • 2Department of Physics and HKU-UCAS Joint Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
  • 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
  • 4Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Corresponding author. zefei.wu@manchester.ac.uk
  • ‡Corresponding author. zymeng@hku.hk
  • ∥Corresponding author. phwang@ust.hk
  • §Present address: Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 066301 – Published 11 August, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.066301

Abstract

Though the observation of the quantum anomalous Hall effect and nonlocal transport response reveals nontrivial band topology governed by the Berry curvature in twisted bilayer graphene, some recent works reported nonlinear Hall signals in graphene superlattices that are caused by the extrinsic disorder scattering rather than the intrinsic Berry curvature dipole moment. In this Letter, we report a Berry curvature dipole induced intrinsic nonlinear Hall effect in high-quality twisted bilayer graphene devices. We also find that the application of the displacement field substantially changes the direction and amplitude of the nonlinear Hall voltages, as a result of a field-induced sliding of the Berry curvature hotspots. Our Letter not only proves that the Berry curvature dipole could play a dominant role in generating the intrinsic nonlinear Hall signal in graphene superlattices with low disorder densities, but also demonstrates twisted bilayer graphene to be a sensitive and fine-tunable platform for second harmonic generation and rectification.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 066301– Published 11 August, 2023
  • Received 23 December 2022
  • Revised 14 April 2023
  • Accepted 26 June 2023
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