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First Identification of a CMB Lensing Signal Produced by 1.5 Million Galaxies at z∼4: Constraints on Matter Density Fluctuations at High Redshift

Hironao Miyatake1,2,3,4,*, Yuichi Harikane5,6, Masami Ouchi7,5,4, Yoshiaki Ono5, Nanaka Yamamoto3, Atsushi J. Nishizawa8,2,3, Neta Bahcall9, Satoshi Miyazaki7, and Andrés A. Plazas Malagón9

  • 1Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe (KMI), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
  • 2Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
  • 3Division of Physics and Astrophysical Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
  • 4Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
  • 5Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
  • 6Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
  • 7National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
  • 8DX Center, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University, Takakuwa-Nishi, Yanaizucho, Gifu, 501-6194, Japan
  • 9Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA

  • *Corresponding author. miyatake@kmi.nagoya-u.ac.jp
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 061301 – Published 1 August, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.061301

Abstract

We report the first detection of the dark matter distribution around Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at high redshift through the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing measurements with the public Planck PR3 κ map. The LBG sample consists of 1 473 106 objects with the median redshift of z∼4 that are identified in a total area of 305  deg2 observed by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey Program survey. After careful investigations of systematic uncertainties, such as contamination from foreground galaxies and cosmic infrared background, we obtain the significant detection of the CMB lensing signal at 5.1σ that is dominated by 2-halo term signals of the LBGs. Fitting a simple model consisting of the Navarro-Frenk-White profile and the linear-bias model, we obtain the typical halo mass of Mh=2.9−2.5+9.5×1011  h−1 M⊙. Combining the CMB lensing and galaxy-galaxy clustering signals on the large scales, we demonstrate the first cosmological analysis at z∼4 that constrains (Ωm0,σ8). We find that our constraint on σ8 is roughly consistent with the Planck cosmology, while this σ8 constraint is lower than the Planck cosmology over the 1σ level. This study opens up a new window for constraining cosmological parameters at high redshift by the combination of CMB and high-z galaxies, as well as studying the interplay between galaxy evolution and large-scale structure at such high redshift, by upcoming CMB and optical and near-infrared imaging surveys.

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Dark Matter Mapped Around Distant Galaxies

Published 1 August, 2022

Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background has been used to probe the distribution of dark matter around some of the earliest galaxies in the Universe.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 061301– Published 1 August, 2022
  • Received 31 March 2021
  • Revised 21 March 2022
  • Accepted 9 May 2022
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