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    Experimental Validation of a Kinetic Ballooning Mode in High-Performance High-Bootstrap Current Fraction Fusion Plasmas

    X. Jian1,2,3, J. Chen4, S. Ding1, A. Garofalo1, X. Gong2,*, C. Holland3, J. Huang2,†, V. S. Chan1, X. Qin5 et al.

    G. Yu6, R. R. Ma7, X. Du1, R. Hong4, G. Staebler1, H. Wang1, Z. Yan5, E. Bass3, D. Brower4, W. Ding4, and D. Orlov3

    • 1General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
    • 2Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
    • 3University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0417, USA
    • 4University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
    • 5University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
    • 6University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
    • 7Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432 Chengdu 610041, China

    • *Corresponding author: xz_gong@ipp.ac.cn
    • †Corresponding author: juan.huang@ipp.ac.cn
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    Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 145101 – Published 2 October, 2023

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.145101

    Abstract

    We report the observation of a set of coherent high frequency electromagnetic fluctuations that leads to a turbulence induced self-regulating phenomenon in the DIII-D high bootstrap current fraction plasma. The fluctuations have frequency of 130–220  kHz, the poloidal wavelength and phase velocity are 16–30  m−1 and ∼30  km/s, respectively, in the outboard midplane with the estimated toroidal mode number n∼5−9. The fluctuations are located in the internal transport barrier (ITB) region at large radius and are experimentally validated to be kinetic ballooning modes (KBM). Quasilinear estimation predicts the KBM to be able to drive experimental particle flux and non-negligible thermal flux, suggesting its significant role in regulating the ITB saturation.

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    Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 145101– Published 2 October, 2023
    • Received 18 November 2022
    • Revised 9 July 2023
    • Accepted 21 August 2023
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