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Modeling Leidenfrost Levitation of Soft Elastic Solids

Jack Binysh1, Indrajit Chakraborty2, Mykyta V. Chubynsky2, Vicente Luis Díaz Melian3, Scott R. Waitukaitis3, James E. Sprittles2, and Anton Souslov1,*

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
  • 2Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
  • 3Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Lab Building West, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria

  • *A.Souslov@bath.ac.uk
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 168201 – Published 18 October, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.168201

Abstract

The elastic Leidenfrost effect occurs when a vaporizable soft solid is lowered onto a hot surface. Evaporative flow couples to elastic deformation, giving spontaneous bouncing or steady-state floating. The effect embodies an unexplored interplay between thermodynamics, elasticity, and lubrication: despite being observed, its basic theoretical description remains a challenge. Here, we provide a theory of elastic Leidenfrost floating. As weight increases, a rigid solid sits closer to the hot surface. By contrast, we discover an elasticity-dominated regime where the heavier the solid, the higher it floats. This geometry-governed behavior is reminiscent of the dynamics of large liquid Leidenfrost drops. We show that this elastic regime is characterized by Hertzian behavior of the solid’s underbelly and derive how the float height scales with materials parameters. Introducing a dimensionless elastic Leidenfrost number, we capture the crossover between rigid and Hertzian behavior. Our results provide theoretical underpinning for recent experiments, and point to the design of novel soft machines.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 168201– Published 18 October, 2023
  • Received 8 July 2022
  • Revised 14 July 2023
  • Accepted 5 September 2023
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