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    Demonstration of Acoustic Higher-Order Topological Stiefel-Whitney Semimetal

    Xiao Xiang1, Yu-Gui Peng1,*, Feng Gao1, Xiaoxiao Wu2,3, Peng Wu1, Zhaoxian Chen4, Xiang Ni5,†, and Xue-Feng Zhu1,‡

    • 1School of Physics and Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
    • 2Quantum Science and Technology Center and Advanced Materials Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, China
    • 3Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
    • 4College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    • 5School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

    • *Corresponding author: ygpeng@hust.edu.cn
    • †Corresponding author: nixiang@csu.edu.cn
    • ‡Corresponding author: xfzhu@hust.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 197202 – Published 10 May, 2024

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.197202

    Abstract

    The higher-order topological phases have attracted intense attention in the past years, which reveals various intriguing topological properties. Meanwhile, the enrichment of group symmetries with projective symmetry algebras redefines the fundamentals of topological matter and makes Stiefel-Whitney (SW) classes in classical wave systems possible. Here, we report the experimental realization of higher-order topological nodal loop semimetal in an acoustic system and obtain the inherent SW topological invariants. In stark contrast to higher-order topological semimetals relating to complex vector bundles, the hinge and surface states in the SW topological phase are protected by two distinctive SW topological charges relevant to real vector bundles. Our findings push forward the studies of SW class topology in classical wave systems, which also show possibilities in robust high-Q-resonance-based sensing and energy harvesting.

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