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Candidate Tidal Disruption Event AT2019fdr Coincident with a High-Energy Neutrino

Simeon Reusch1,2,*, Robert Stein1,2,3, Marek Kowalski1,2,†, Sjoert van Velzen4, Anna Franckowiak1,5, Cecilia Lunardini6, Kohta Murase7,8, Walter Winter1, James C. A. Miller-Jones9 et al.

Mansi M. Kasliwal3, Marat Gilfanov10,11, Simone Garrappa1,2, Vaidehi S. Paliya12, Tomás Ahumada13, Shreya Anand3, Cristina Barbarino14, Eric C. Bellm15, Valéry Brinnel2, Sara Buson16, S. Bradley Cenko17,18, Michael W. Coughlin19, Kishalay De3, Richard Dekany20, Sara Frederick13, Avishay Gal-Yam21, Suvi Gezari22,13, Marcello Giroletti23, Matthew J. Graham3, Viraj Karambelkar3, Shigeo S. Kimura24, Albert K. H. Kong25, Erik C. Kool14, Russ R. Laher26, Pavel Medvedev10, Jannis Necker1,2, Jakob Nordin2, Daniel A. Perley27, Mickael Rigault28, Ben Rusholme26, Steve Schulze29, Tassilo Schweyer14, Leo P. Singer30, Jesper Sollerman14, Nora Linn Strotjohann21, Rashid Sunyaev10,11, Jakob van Santen1, Richard Walters20, B. Theodore Zhang8, and Erez Zimmerman21

  • 1Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
  • 2Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
  • 3Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
  • 4Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Postbus 9513, 2300 RA, Leiden, Netherlands
  • 5Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
  • 6Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
  • 7Department of Physics; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Center for Multimessenger Astrophysics, Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
  • 8Center for Gravitational Physics, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
  • 9International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research - Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Washington 6845, Australia
  • 10Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia
  • 11Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany
  • 12Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital-263001 Uttarakhand, India
  • 13Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
  • 14Department of Astronomy, The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
  • 15DIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
  • 16Institut für Theoretische Physik and Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • 17Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
  • 18Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
  • 19School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
  • 20Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
  • 21Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street 76100 Rehovot, Israel
  • 22Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
  • 23INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, via Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
  • 24Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences; Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
  • 25Institute of Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
  • 26IPAC, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
  • 27Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, United Kingdom
  • 28Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, UMR 5822, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
  • 29The Oskar Klein Centre, Physics Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
  • 30NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA

  • *Corresponding author. simeon.reusch@desy.de.
  • †Corresponding author. marek.kowalski@desy.de

Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 221101 – Published 3 June, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.221101

Abstract

The origins of the high-energy cosmic neutrino flux remain largely unknown. Recently, one high-energy neutrino was associated with a tidal disruption event (TDE). Here we present AT2019fdr, an exceptionally luminous TDE candidate, coincident with another high-energy neutrino. Our observations, including a bright dust echo and soft late-time x-ray emission, further support a TDE origin of this flare. The probability of finding two such bright events by chance is just 0.034%. We evaluate several models for neutrino production and show that AT2019fdr is capable of producing the observed high-energy neutrino, reinforcing the case for TDEs as neutrino sources.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Focus

Neutrinos from a Black Hole Snack

Published 3 June, 2022

Researchers have found new evidence that high-energy neutrinos are emitted when a black hole gobbles up a hapless star.

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