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  • Open Access

Universal Defects Statistics with Strong Long-Range Interactions

Stefano Gherardini1,2, Lorenzo Buffoni3, and Nicolò Defenu4,5

  • 1CNR-INO, Largo Enrico Fermi 6, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
  • 2LENS, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
  • 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
  • 4Institut für Theoretische Physik, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27 Zürich, Switzerland
  • 5CNR-INO, Area Science Park, Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 113401 – Published 11 September, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.113401

Abstract

Quasi-static transformations, or slow quenches, of many-body quantum systems across quantum critical points generate topological defects. The Kibble-Zurek mechanism regulates the appearance of defects in a local quantum system through a classical combinatorial process. However, long-range interactions disrupt the conventional Kibble-Zurek scaling and lead to a density of defects that is independent of the rate of the transformation. In this Letter, we analytically determine the complete full counting statistics of defects generated by slow annealing a strong long-range system across its quantum critical point. We demonstrate that the mechanism of defect generation in long-range systems is a purely quantum process with no classical equivalent. Furthermore, universality is not only observed in the defect density but also in all the moments of the distribution. Our findings can be tested on various experimental platforms, including Rydberg gases and trapped ions.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 113401– Published 11 September, 2024
  • Received 9 June 2023
  • Revised 23 February 2024
  • Accepted 10 July 2024
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