• Accepted Paper

Electrically and optically induced fractional hybrid-layer generalized Wigner crystals in moiré heterostructures

Yuanlong Guo, Yongkang Jian, Xiangzhi Hong, Yang Chen, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Baigeng Wang, and Erfu Liu

Phys. Rev. Lett. - Accepted 12 November, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/wn1p-v6jt

Abstract

Optical excitation can generate excitons or carriers that interact with existing charge configurations to form new correlated phases. These states often exhibit nonequilibrium behavior and manifest phenomena such as interlayer excitonic insulator, Fermi-Bose mixed phases, magnetism, and even superconductivity. Here, we present signatures of electrically and optically induced hybrid-layer correlated states at both integer and fractional fillings in moiré heterostructures. Under an external electric field, the hybrid-layer correlated states can be interpreted as interlayer excitonic insulators at total fillings of 1/4, 1/3, 2/3, and 1. Near zero electric field, electrons from light-generated hot excitonic/electron-hole populations are trapped by the vacancy-like charge configurations in the moiré layer, while the remaining holes contribute to positive trion formation, manifesting a filling-selective nonequilibrium hybrid-layer response. Our results pave the way for the future exploration of complex interlayer correlated states.

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