• Accepted Paper

Branes screening quarks and defect operators

Andreas Karch and Marcos Riojas

Phys. Rev. Lett. - Accepted 26 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rx4t-twrx

Abstract

Here we show Wilson lines do not necessarily exhibit Coulomb scaling laws in AdS/BCFT at zero temperature. The area difference between a surface that returns to the boundary, and one that plunges into the bulk, determines the potential between two quarks. This classic AdS/CFT calculation is extended to Wilson surfaces associated to general (p−1)-form symmetries in boundary conformal field theories (BCFTs) by embedding a Karch-Randall (KR) brane. Work done on the boundary charge under a dilatation determines the coefficient of this potential in closed form. Consequently, Coulomb law scaling in subregion size Γ is recovered only above the critical angle for the brane, θc,p, where the configuration is dilatation invariant. The potential between the two quarks (or defect operators) vanishes precisely when the surface connecting them ceases to exist at θc,p. Thus operators are fully screened in this phase transition from Coulomb law to perimeter law, for which we compute the order parameter Cp of the transition. At finite temperature a horizon breaks dilatation invariance, and so p-analogues of islands continue to exist below θc,p.

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