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Fermi Liquid Theory of d-Wave Altermagnets: Demon Modes and Fano-Demon States

Habib Rostami1,* and Johannes Hofmann2,3,†

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
  • 2Department of Physics, Gothenburg University, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
  • 3Nordita, Stockholm University and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden

  • *Contact author: hr745@bath.ac.uk
  • †Contact author: johannes.hofmann@physics.gu.se
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 236701 – Published 4 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zqz6-sq2n

Abstract

We develop a Fermi liquid theory of d-wave altermagnets and apply it to describe their collective excitation spectrum. We predict that in addition to a conventional undamped plasmon mode, where both spin components oscillate in phase, there is an acoustic plasmon (or demon) mode with out-of-phase spin dynamics. By analyzing the dynamical structure factor, we reveal a strong dependence of the demon’s frequency and spectral weight both on the Landau parameters and on the direction of propagation. Notably, as a function of the propagation angle, we show that the acoustic mode evolves from a hidden state, which has zero spectral weight in the density excitation spectrum, to a weakly damped propagating demon mode and then (below a critical interaction parameter) to a Fano-demon mixed state, which is marked by a strong hybridization with particle-hole excitations and a corresponding asymmetric line shape in the structure factor. Our Letter paves the way for applications of altermagnetic materials in optospintronics by harnessing collective electron spin oscillations beyond traditional magnon spin waves.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 236701– Published 4 December, 2025
  • Received 18 May 2025
  • Accepted 7 November 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.

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