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  • Open Access

Many-Body Non-Hermitian Skin Effect with Exact Steady States in the Dissipative Quantum Link Model

Yu-Min Hu1,2, Zijian Wang1, Biao Lian3,*, and Zhong Wang1,†

  • *Contact author: biao@princeton.edu
  • †Contact author: wangzhongemail@tsinghua.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 260401 – Published 26 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/wztw-l8wg

Abstract

We introduce a dissipative lattice gauge model that exhibits the many-body version of the non-Hermitian skin effect. The dissipative couplings between dynamical gauge fields on the lattice links and the surrounding environment generate chiral motions of particles residing on lattice sites. Despite the complexity arising from many-body interactions, the local gauge symmetry enables the exact construction of a steady state that displays the many-body non-Hermitian skin effect. Furthermore, our approach can be generalized to realize a new type of many-body non-Hermitian skin effect, dubbed the hierarchical skin effect, where different subsystem degrees of freedom exhibit boundary accumulation of multiple moments at different orders. Our findings can be readily observed by engineering dissipation in state-of-the-art lattice gauge simulators.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 260401– Published 26 December, 2025
  • Received 14 April 2025
  • Revised 26 October 2025
  • Accepted 21 November 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.

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