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    Magnetic Double Helix

    Yang Zhang* and Paul M. Bellan

    • *Contact author: yz0172@princeton.edu Present address: Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA and University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 055201 – Published 30 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/sz9k-6l22

    Abstract

    Magnetic flux ropes, fundamental magnetohydrodynamic structures, often form braided helical configurations with net axial current, as observed in astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. However, an equilibrium model for such structures has remained elusive. We present a first-principles derivation of the braided flux ropes equilibrium by capturing the force balance of current-carrying plasma strands. This equilibrium reproduces the observed structure of the double helix nebula and provides a powerful tool for studying magnetic self-organization, plasma confinement, and astrophysical dynamics.

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