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    Dichotomy in Low- and High-Energy Band Renormalizations in Trilayer Nickelate La4Ni3O10: A Comparison with Cuprates

    X. Du1,2,*,†, Y. L. Wang3,4,5,*, Y. D. Li1, Y. T. Cao6,7, M. X. Zhang8, C. Y. Pei8, J. M. Yang2, W. X. Zhao1, K. Y. Zhai1 et al.

    Z. K. Liu8,9, Z. W. Li6, J. K. Zhao7, Z. T. Liu10, D. W. Shen11, Z. Li12, Y. He2, Y. L. Chen8,9,13,‡, Y. P. Qi8,9,14,§, H. J. Guo7,∥, and L. X. Yang1,15,¶

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: xian.du@yale.edu
    • ‡Contact author: yulin.chen@physics.ox.ac.uk
    • §Contact author: qiyp@shanghaitech.edu.cn
    • ∥Contact author: hjguo@sslab.org.cn
    • Contact author: lxyang@tsinghua.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 146506 – Published 1 October, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/smkf-k7wq

    Abstract

    Band renormalizations comprise crucial insights for understanding the intricate roles of electron-boson coupling and electron correlation in emergent phenomena such as superconductivity. In this Letter, by combining high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we systematically investigate the electronic structure of the trilayer nickelate superconductor La4Ni3O10 at ambient pressure. We reveal a dichotomy in the electronic band renormalizations of La4Ni3O10 in comparison to cuprate superconductors. At a high energy scale of hundreds of meV, its band structure is strongly renormalized by an electron correlation effect enhanced by Hund’s coupling. The resultant waterfall-like dispersions resemble the high-energy kinks in cuprate superconductors. However, at low-energy scales of tens of meV, the dispersive bands are nearly featureless and devoid of any resolvable electron-boson interactions, in drastic contrast to the low-energy kinks observed in cuprates and other correlated 3d transition-metal compounds. The dichotomic band renormalizations highlight the disparity between nickelate and cuprate superconductors and emphasize the importance of strong electron correlation in the superconductivity of Ruddlesden-Popper phase nickelates.

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