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Electrically Pumped Ultrabright Entangled Photons on Chip

Xu-Feng Jiao1,2,3,*, Ming-Yang Zheng2,3,*, Yi-Hang Chen4,5, Bo Cao2, Xina Wang1,2, Yang Liu2,3, Cheng-Ao Yang4,5, Xiu-Ping Xie2,3, Chao-Yang Lu1,3 et al.

Zhi-Chuan Niu4,5, Qiang Zhang1,2,3, and Jian-Wei Pan1,3

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 250803 – Published 16 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/sfj2-dcx1

Abstract

Entangled photon sources (EPSs) are essential for quantum science and technology. Despite advancements in integrated optical platforms like thin-film lithium niobate, a scalable, high-performance, chip-scale EPS has remained elusive. We address this by demonstrating an electrically pumped, post-selection-free polarization EPS, achieved through hybrid integration of a distributed feedback laser with a thin-film lithium niobate chip, which integrates periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides, a beam splitter, and a polarization rotator combiner. By injecting current into the chip, we realize a high-performance EPS with a bandwidth of 73 nm and an entanglement pair generation rate of 4.5×1010  pairs/s/mW. The polarization entanglement shows Bell-state fidelities above 96% across frequency-correlated modes. This compact, integrated EPS enables key applications, including high-speed quantum key distribution via wavelength division multiplexing, satellite-based quantum communication, and entanglement-based quantum metrology.

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