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Radially Locked Sun-Ray Patterns in Reaction-Diffusion-Advection Systems

S. N. Maharana, L. Negrojević, A. Comolli, and A. De Wit

Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 068001 – Published 13 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/s8rs-2bq9

Abstract

Traveling fronts ubiquitous in physics, chemistry, and biology are prone to transverse cellular deformations due to diffusive or convective instabilities. Here, we show both theoretically and experimentally that new patterns can be obtained if the destabilization is triggered around a front locked radially by advection. Specifically, angularly shifting sun-ray-like patterns can develop around an autocatalytic front frozen by radial advection. These patterns arise from a diffusive instability that occurs when the autocatalyst X and the reactant Y diffuse at different rates. The properties of these shining-star structures can be controlled by tuning the flow rate Q and the ratio of diffusion coefficients δ as evidenced by linear stability analysis, nonlinear simulations, and experiments on the chlorite-tetrathionate reaction.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Video

Chemical Reaction Pattern Shines Like the Sun

Published 13 February, 2026

A chemical reaction involving a flowing fluid leads to a striking visual pattern—a result that could benefit research on other propagating fronts, such as flames.

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