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Loss-Tolerant Detection of Squeezed States in the 2  μm Region

K. M. Kwan1,*, T. G. McRae1, J. Qin1, D. W. Gould1, S. S. Y. Chua1, J. Junker1,2, R. Iden3, V. B. Adya4, M. J. Yap1 et al.

B. J. J. Slagmolen1, D. E. McClelland1, and R. L. Ward1

  • *Contact author: kar.kwan@anu.edu.au

Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 123601 – Published 23 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/s61z-fcyp

Abstract

Squeezed states of light enable quantum-enhanced measurements but are limited by optical loss, particularly at 2  μm where photodiode efficiency is low. We report the first loss-tolerant, audio-band squeezed light detection at 1984 nm by using a phase-sensitive amplifier to amplify the squeezed vacuum prior to detection. This technique increases the effective detection efficiency from 74% to 95% and increases the observed squeezing from 4 to 8 dB, the highest level of squeezing observation reported at this wavelength. Additionally, the vacuum to dark-noise clearance increases, extending the effective measurement bandwidth toward lower frequencies. This approach is largely wavelength independent, extending high-fidelity quantum measurements to future gravitational-wave detectors and related quantum technologies.

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