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    Quantum Stochastic Communication via High-Dimensional Entanglement

    Chao Zhang1,2,*, Jia-Le Miao1,2,*, Xiao-Min Hu1,2,3,†, Jef Pauwels4,5,‡, Yu Guo1,2, Chuan-Feng Li1,2,3, Guang-Can Guo1,2,3, Armin Tavakoli6,§, and Bi-Heng Liu1,2,3,7,∥

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • Contact author: huxm@ustc.edu.cn
    • Contact author: jef.pauwels@unige.ch
    • §Contact author: armin.tavakoli@teorfys.lu.se
    • Contact author: bhliu@ustc.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120802 – Published 17 September, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rq78-1qbh

    Abstract

    Entanglement has the ability to enhance the transmission of classical information over a quantum channel. However, fully harvesting this advantage typically requires complex entangling measurements, which are challenging to implement and scale with the system’s size. In this Letter, we consider a natural quantum information primitive known as a random access code in which the message to be communicated is selected stochastically. We introduce a protocol that leverages high-dimensional entanglement to perform this task perfectly, without requiring quantum interference between particles at the measurement station. We experimentally demonstrate how this unlocks implementation in the high-dimensional regime through an optical setup using eight-dimensional entanglement and multioutcome detection, providing a practical solution for stochastic communication and a robust method for certifying the dimensionality of entanglement in communication experiments.

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