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    Emergence of a Landau Level Structure in Dark Optical Lattices

    Sylvain Nascimbene* and Jean Dalibard†

    • *Contact author: sylvain.nascimbene@lkb.ens.fr
    • †Contact author: jean.dalibard@lkb.ens.fr

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 153402 – Published 7 October, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rmw9-8cft

    Abstract

    An optical flux lattice is a set of light beams that couple different internal states of an atom, thereby producing topological energy bands. Here we present a configuration in which the atoms exhibit a dark state, i.e., an internal state that is not coupled to the light. At large light intensity, the low-energy dynamics is restricted to the dark state, leading to an effective continuum model with a Landau-level-like structure. This structure is dramatically different from that of usual topological optical lattices, which lead to discrete models in the tight-binding limit. For well-chosen atomic species, the proposed system is essentially immune to heating due to photon scattering, making it a highly promising way to emulate the integer or fractional quantum Hall effect.

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