Experimental Characterization of Quantumness Using the Uncertainty Principle, Coherence, and Nonlocality
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 020201 – Published 10 July, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/p5pd-749f
Abstract
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, coherence, and Bell nonlocality have been individually examined through many experiments. In this Letter, we systematically characterize all of this quantumness in a unified manner. We first construct universal uncertainty relations to reveal intrinsic features of incompatible measurements, which include all the state-independent uncertainties as special cases. We further extend to witness both quantum coherence and Bell nonlocality. We finally perform experiments with unified two-photon states and validate the uncertainty principle, coherence, and Bell nonlocality within experimental error. Our methods for witnessing quantumness are valuable in characterizing quantum correlations in quantum information processing.
