The novel kagome family $R{\mathrm{Ti}}_3{\mathrm{Bi}}_4$ ($R$: rare-earth metals) offers a unique platform for exploring distinctive physical phenomena such as anisotropy, spin density wave, and anomalous Hall effect. In particular, the magnetic frustration and behavior of magnetic anisotropy in antiferromagnetic (AFM) kagome materials are of great interest for the fundamental studies and hold promise for next-generation device applications. Here, we report a tunable bifurcation of magnetic anisotropic and bi-oriented AFM order observed in the quasi-1D kagome antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{GdTi}}_3{\mathrm{Bi}}_4$. The magnetic domain evolutions during two plateau transition processes are directly visualized, unveiling a pronounced in-plane anisotropy along the $a$ axis. Temperature-dependent characterization reveals a bifurcation transition of anisotropy at approximately 2 K, where the $a$-axis anisotropy splits into two special orientations, revealing a hidden bi-oriented in-plane AFM order that deviates from the high-symmetry direction by $\pm 7°$. More intriguingly, the characteristics of the bifurcated anisotropy are clearly illustrated through vector magnetic field modulation, revealing three distinct in-plane domain phases in the transverse magnetic field phase diagram. Our results not only provide valuable insights into the tunable bifurcation of magnetic anisotropic in ${\mathrm{GdTi}}_3{\mathrm{Bi}}_4$, but also pave a novel pathway for AFM spintronics development.

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• Antiferromagnetism
• Magnetic anisotropy
• Magnetic order
• Magnetic phase transitions
• Magnetic texture
• Kagome metal