Open Access

Observation of Nuclear Suppression in Coherent $ϒ (1 S)$ Photoproduction off Heavy Nuclei at the LHC

A. Belyaev ¹, A. Hayrapetyan¹, A. Tumasyan ^1,b, W. Adam ², J. W. Andrejkovic², L. Benato ², T. Bergauer ², M. Dragicevic ², C. Giordano ² et al. (CMS Collaboration)

C. Giordano ², P. S. Hussain ², M. Jeitler ^2,c, N. Krammer ², A. Li ², D. Liko ², M. Matthewman², I. Mikulec ², J. Schieck ^2,c, R. Schöfbeck ^2,c, D. Schwarz ², M. Shooshtari ², M. Sonawane ², W. Waltenberger ², C.-E. Wulz ^2,c, T. Janssen ³, H. Kwon ³, D. Ocampo Henao ³, T. Van Laer ³, P. Van Mechelen ³, J. Bierkens ⁴, N. Breugelmans⁴, J. D’Hondt ⁴, S. Dansana ⁴, A. De Moor ⁴, M. Delcourt ⁴, F. Heyen⁴, Y. Hong ⁴, P. Kashko ⁴, S. Lowette ⁴, I. Makarenko ⁴, D. Müller ⁴, J. Song ⁴, S. Tavernier ⁴, M. Tytgat ^4,d, G. P. Van Onsem ⁴, S. Van Putte ⁴, D. Vannerom ⁴, B. Bilin ⁵, B. Clerbaux ⁵, A. K. Das⁵, I. De Bruyn ⁵, G. De Lentdecker ⁵, H. Evard ⁵, L. Favart ⁵, P. Gianneios ⁵, A. Khalilzadeh⁵, F. A. Khan ⁵, A. Malara ⁵, M. A. Shahzad⁵, A. Sharma ⁵, L. Thomas ⁵, M. Vanden Bemden ⁵, C. Vander Velde ⁵, P. Vanlaer ⁵, F. Zhang ⁵, M. De Coen ⁶, D. Dobur ⁶, G. Gokbulut ⁶, J. Knolle ⁶, D. Marckx ⁶, K. Skovpen ⁶, A. M. Tomaru⁶, N. Van Den Bossche ⁶, J. van der Linden ⁶, J. Vandenbroeck ⁶, L. Wezenbeek ⁶, H. Aarup Petersen ⁷, S. Bein ⁷, A. Benecke ⁷, A. Bethani ⁷, G. Bruno ⁷, A. Cappati ⁷, J. De Favereau De Jeneret ⁷, C. Delaere ⁷, F. Gameiro Casalinho ⁷, A. Giammanco ⁷, A. O. Guzel ⁷, V. Lemaitre⁷, J. Lidrych ⁷, P. Malek ⁷, P. Mastrapasqua ⁷, S. Turkcapar ⁷, G. A. Alves ⁸, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho ⁸, E. Coelho ⁸, C. Hensel ⁸, T. Menezes De Oliveira ⁸, C. Mora Herrera ⁸, P. Rebello Teles ⁸, M. Soeiro ⁸, E. J. Tonelli Manganote ^8,e, A. Vilela Pereira ^8,f, W. L. Aldá Júnior ⁹, H. Brandao Malbouisson ⁹, W. Carvalho ⁹, J. Chinellato ^9,g, M. Costa Reis ⁹, E. M. Da Costa ⁹, G. G. Da Silveira ^9,h, D. De Jesus Damiao ⁹, S. Fonseca De Souza ⁹, R. Gomes De Souza ⁹, S. S. Jesus ⁹, T. Laux Kuhn ^9,h, M. Macedo ⁹, K. Mota Amarilo ⁹, L. Mundim ⁹, H. Nogima ⁹, J. P. Pinheiro ⁹, A. Santoro ⁹, A. Sznajder ⁹, M. Thiel ⁹, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo ^9,i, C. A. Bernardes ^10,h, F. Damas ¹⁰, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei¹⁰, E. M. Gregores ¹⁰, B. Lopes Da Costa ¹⁰, I. 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Pari ¹³², G. Petrucciani ¹³², A. Pfeiffer ¹³², M. Pierini ¹³², M. Pitt ¹³², H. Qu ¹³², D. Rabady ¹³², A. Reimers ¹³², B. Ribeiro Lopes ¹³², F. Riti ¹³², P. Rosado ¹³², M. Rovere ¹³², H. Sakulin ¹³², R. Salvatico ¹³², S. Sanchez Cruz ¹³², S. Scarfi ¹³², M. Selvaggi ¹³², K. Shchelina ¹³², P. Silva ¹³², P. Sphicas ^132,jjj, A. G. Stahl Leiton ¹³², A. Steen ¹³², S. Summers ¹³², D. Treille ¹³², P. Tropea ¹³², E. Vernazza ¹³², J. Wanczyk ^132,kkk, S. Wuchterl ¹³², M. Zarucki ¹³², P. Zehetner ¹³², P. Zejdl ¹³², G. Zevi Della Porta ¹³², T. Bevilacqua ^134,lll, L. Caminada ^134,lll, W. Erdmann ¹³⁴, R. Horisberger ¹³⁴, Q. Ingram ¹³⁴, H. C. Kaestli ¹³⁴, D. Kotlinski ¹³⁴, C. Lange ¹³⁴, U. Langenegger ¹³⁴, A. Nigamova ¹³⁴, L. Noehte ^134,lll, T. Rohe ¹³⁴, A. Samalan ¹³⁴, T. K. Aarrestad ¹³⁵, M. Backhaus ¹³⁵, G. Bonomelli ¹³⁵, C. Cazzaniga ¹³⁵, K. Datta ¹³⁵, P. De Bryas Dexmiers D’Archiacchiac ^135,kkk, A. De Cosa ¹³⁵, G. Dissertori ¹³⁵, M. Dittmar¹³⁵, M. Donegà ¹³⁵, F. Eble ¹³⁵, K. Gedia ¹³⁵, F. Glessgen ¹³⁵, C. Grab ¹³⁵, N. Härringer ¹³⁵, T. G. Harte ¹³⁵, W. Lustermann ¹³⁵, M. Malucchi ¹³⁵, R. A. Manzoni ¹³⁵, L. Marchese ¹³⁵, A. Mascellani ^135,kkk, F. Nessi-Tedaldi ¹³⁵, F. Pauss ¹³⁵, V. Perovic ¹³⁵, B. Ristic ¹³⁵, R. Seidita ¹³⁵, J. Steggemann ^135,kkk, A. Tarabini ¹³⁵, D. Valsecchi ¹³⁵, R. Wallny ¹³⁵, C. Amsler ^136,mmm, P. Bärtschi ¹³⁶, F. Bilandzija ¹³⁶, M. F. Canelli ¹³⁶, G. Celotto ¹³⁶, K. Cormier ¹³⁶, M. Huwiler ¹³⁶, A. Jofrehei ¹³⁶, B. Kilminster ¹³⁶, T. H. Kwok ¹³⁶, S. Leontsinis ¹³⁶, V. Lukashenko ¹³⁶, A. Macchiolo ¹³⁶, F. Meng ¹³⁶, M. Missiroli ¹³⁶, J. Motta ¹³⁶, P. Robmann¹³⁶, E. Shokr ¹³⁶, F. Stäger ¹³⁶, R. Tramontano ¹³⁶, P. Viscone ¹³⁶, D. Bhowmik¹³⁷, C. M. Kuo¹³⁷, P. K. Rout ¹³⁷, S. Taj ¹³⁷, P. C. Tiwari ^137,nn, L. Ceard¹³⁸, K. F. Chen ¹³⁸, Z. g. Chen¹³⁸, A. De Iorio ¹³⁸, W.-S. Hou ¹³⁸, T. h. Hsu¹³⁸, Y. w. Kao¹³⁸, S. Karmakar ¹³⁸, G. Kole ¹³⁸, Y. y. Li ¹³⁸, R.-S. Lu ¹³⁸, E. Paganis ¹³⁸, X. f. Su ¹³⁸, J. Thomas-Wilsker ¹³⁸, L. s. Tsai¹³⁸, D. Tsionou¹³⁸, H. y. Wu ¹³⁸, E. Yazgan ¹³⁸, C. Asawatangtrakuldee ¹³⁹, N. Srimanobhas ¹³⁹, Y. Maghrbi ¹⁴⁰, D. Agyel ¹⁴¹, F. Dolek ¹⁴¹, I. Dumanoglu ^141,nnn, Y. Guler ^141,ooo, E. Gurpinar Guler ^141,ooo, C. Isik ¹⁴¹, O. Kara ¹⁴¹, A. Kayis Topaksu ¹⁴¹, Y. Komurcu ¹⁴¹, G. Onengut ¹⁴¹, K. Ozdemir ^141,ppp, B. Tali ^141,qqq, U. G. Tok ¹⁴¹, E. Uslan ¹⁴¹, I. S. Zorbakir ¹⁴¹, S. Sen ¹⁴², M. Yalvac ^143,rrr, B. Akgun ¹⁴⁴, I. O. Atakisi ^144,sss, E. Gülmez ¹⁴⁴, M. Kaya ^144,ttt, O. Kaya ^144,uuu, M. A. Sarkisla^144,vvv, S. Tekten ^144,www, D. Boncukcu ¹⁴⁵, A. Cakir ¹⁴⁵, K. Cankocak ^145,nnn,xxx, B. Hacisahinoglu ¹⁴⁶, I. Hos ^146,yyy, B. Kaynak ¹⁴⁶, S. Ozkorucuklu ¹⁴⁶, O. Potok ¹⁴⁶, H. Sert ¹⁴⁶, C. Simsek ¹⁴⁶, C. Zorbilmez ¹⁴⁶, S. Cerci ¹⁴⁷, C. Dozen ^147,zzz, B. Isildak ^147,aaaa, E. Simsek ¹⁴⁷, D. Sunar Cerci ¹⁴⁷, T. Yetkin ^147,zzz, A. Boyaryntsev ¹⁴⁸, O. Dadazhanova¹⁴⁸, B. Grynyov ¹⁴⁸, L. Levchuk ¹⁴⁹, J. J. Brooke ¹⁵⁰, A. Bundock ¹⁵⁰, F. Bury ¹⁵⁰, E. Clement ¹⁵⁰, D. Cussans ¹⁵⁰, D. Dharmender¹⁵⁰, H. Flacher ¹⁵⁰, J. Goldstein ¹⁵⁰, H. F. Heath ¹⁵⁰, M.-L. Holmberg ¹⁵⁰, L. Kreczko ¹⁵⁰, S. Paramesvaran ¹⁵⁰, L. Robertshaw ¹⁵⁰, M. S. Sanjrani^150,qq, J. Segal¹⁵⁰, V. J. Smith ¹⁵⁰, A. H. Ball¹⁵¹, K. W. Bell ¹⁵¹, A. Belyaev ^151,bbbb, C. Brew ¹⁵¹, R. M. Brown ¹⁵¹, D. J. A. Cockerill ¹⁵¹, A. Elliot ¹⁵¹, K. V. Ellis¹⁵¹, J. Gajownik ¹⁵¹, K. Harder ¹⁵¹, S. Harper ¹⁵¹, J. Linacre ¹⁵¹, K. Manolopoulos¹⁵¹, M. Moallemi ¹⁵¹, D. M. Newbold ¹⁵¹, E. Olaiya ¹⁵¹, D. Petyt ¹⁵¹, T. Reis ¹⁵¹, A. R. Sahasransu ¹⁵¹, G. Salvi ¹⁵¹, T. Schuh¹⁵¹, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous ¹⁵¹, I. R. Tomalin ¹⁵¹, K. C. Whalen ¹⁵¹, T. Williams ¹⁵¹, I. Andreou ¹⁵², R. Bainbridge ¹⁵², P. Bloch ¹⁵², O. Buchmuller¹⁵², C. A. Carrillo Montoya ¹⁵², D. Colling ¹⁵², I. Das ¹⁵², P. Dauncey ¹⁵², G. Davies ¹⁵², M. Della Negra ¹⁵², S. Fayer¹⁵², G. Fedi ¹⁵², G. Hall ¹⁵², H. R. Hoorani ¹⁵², A. Howard¹⁵², G. Iles ¹⁵², C. R. Knight ¹⁵², P. Krueper ¹⁵², J. Langford ¹⁵², K. H. Law ¹⁵², J. León Holgado ¹⁵², L. Lyons ¹⁵², A.-M. Magnan ¹⁵², B. Maier ¹⁵², S. Mallios ¹⁵², A. Mastronikolis ¹⁵², M. Mieskolainen ¹⁵², J. Nash ^152,cccc, M. Pesaresi ¹⁵², P. B. Pradeep ¹⁵², B. C. Radburn-Smith ¹⁵², A. Richards¹⁵², A. Rose ¹⁵², L. Russell ¹⁵², K. Savva ¹⁵², C. Seez ¹⁵², R. Shukla ¹⁵², A. Tapper ¹⁵², K. Uchida ¹⁵², G. P. Uttley ¹⁵², T. Virdee ^152,dd, M. Vojinovic ¹⁵², N. Wardle ¹⁵², D. Winterbottom ¹⁵², J. E. Cole ¹⁵³, A. Khan¹⁵³, P. Kyberd ¹⁵³, I. D. Reid ¹⁵³, S. Abdullin ¹⁵⁴, A. Brinkerhoff ¹⁵⁴, E. Collins ¹⁵⁴, M. R. Darwish ¹⁵⁴, J. Dittmann ¹⁵⁴, K. Hatakeyama ¹⁵⁴, V. Hegde ¹⁵⁴, J. Hiltbrand ¹⁵⁴, B. McMaster ¹⁵⁴, J. Samudio ¹⁵⁴, S. Sawant ¹⁵⁴, C. Sutantawibul ¹⁵⁴, J. Wilson ¹⁵⁴, J. M. Hogan ¹⁵⁵, R. Bartek ¹⁵⁶, A. Dominguez ¹⁵⁶, S. Raj ¹⁵⁶, B. Sahu ^156,mm, A. E. Simsek ¹⁵⁶, S. S. Yu ¹⁵⁶, B. Bam ¹⁵⁷, A. Buchot Perraguin ¹⁵⁷, S. Campbell¹⁵⁷, R. Chudasama ¹⁵⁷, S. I. Cooper ¹⁵⁷, C. Crovella ¹⁵⁷, G. Fidalgo ¹⁵⁷, S. V. Gleyzer ¹⁵⁷, A. Khukhunaishvili ¹⁵⁷, K. Matchev ¹⁵⁷, E. Pearson¹⁵⁷, C. U. Perez ¹⁵⁷, P. Rumerio ^157,dddd, E. Usai ¹⁵⁷, R. Yi ¹⁵⁷, S. Cholak ¹⁵⁸, G. De Castro¹⁵⁸, Z. Demiragli ¹⁵⁸, C. Erice ¹⁵⁸, C. Fangmeier ¹⁵⁸, C. Fernandez Madrazo ¹⁵⁸, J. Fulcher ¹⁵⁸, F. Golf ¹⁵⁸, S. Jeon ¹⁵⁸, J. O’Cain¹⁵⁸, I. Reed ¹⁵⁸, J. Rohlf ¹⁵⁸, K. Salyer ¹⁵⁸, D. Sperka ¹⁵⁸, D. Spitzbart ¹⁵⁸, I. Suarez ¹⁵⁸, A. Tsatsos ¹⁵⁸, E. Wurtz¹⁵⁸, A. G. Zecchinelli ¹⁵⁸, G. Barone ¹⁵⁹, G. Benelli ¹⁵⁹, D. Cutts ¹⁵⁹, S. Ellis ¹⁵⁹, L. Gouskos ¹⁵⁹, M. Hadley ¹⁵⁹, U. Heintz ¹⁵⁹, K. W. Ho ¹⁵⁹, T. Kwon ¹⁵⁹, L. Lambrecht ¹⁵⁹, G. Landsberg ¹⁵⁹, K. T. Lau ¹⁵⁹, J. Luo ¹⁵⁹, S. Mondal ¹⁵⁹, J. Roloff¹⁵⁹, T. Russell ¹⁵⁹, S. Sagir ^159,eeee, X. Shen ¹⁵⁹, M. Stamenkovic ¹⁵⁹, N. Venkatasubramanian ¹⁵⁹, S. Abbott ¹⁶⁰, S. Baradia ¹⁶⁰, B. Barton ¹⁶⁰, R. Breedon ¹⁶⁰, H. Cai ¹⁶⁰, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez ¹⁶⁰, E. Cannaert¹⁶⁰, M. Chertok ¹⁶⁰, M. Citron ¹⁶⁰, J. Conway ¹⁶⁰, P. T. Cox ¹⁶⁰, R. Erbacher ¹⁶⁰, O. Kukral ¹⁶⁰, G. Mocellin ¹⁶⁰, S. Ostrom ¹⁶⁰, I. Salazar Segovia¹⁶⁰, J. S. Tafoya Vargas ¹⁶⁰, W. Wei ¹⁶⁰, S. Yoo ¹⁶⁰, K. Adamidis¹⁶¹, M. Bachtis ¹⁶¹, D. Campos¹⁶¹, R. Cousins ¹⁶¹, S. Crossley ¹⁶¹, G. Flores Avila ¹⁶¹, J. Hauser ¹⁶¹, M. Ignatenko ¹⁶¹, M. A. Iqbal ¹⁶¹, T. Lam ¹⁶¹, Y. f. Lo ¹⁶¹, E. Manca ¹⁶¹, A. Nunez Del Prado ¹⁶¹, D. Saltzberg ¹⁶¹, V. Valuev ¹⁶¹, R. Clare ¹⁶², J. W. Gary ¹⁶², G. Hanson ¹⁶², A. Aportela ¹⁶³, A. Arora ¹⁶³, J. G. Branson ¹⁶³, S. Cittolin ¹⁶³, S. Cooperstein ¹⁶³, B. D’Anzi ¹⁶³, D. Diaz ¹⁶³, J. Duarte ¹⁶³, L. Giannini ¹⁶³, Y. Gu¹⁶³, J. Guiang ¹⁶³, V. Krutelyov ¹⁶³, R. Lee ¹⁶³, J. Letts ¹⁶³, H. Li¹⁶³, M. Masciovecchio ¹⁶³, F. Mokhtar ¹⁶³, S. Mukherjee ¹⁶³, M. Pieri ¹⁶³, D. Primosch¹⁶³, M. Quinnan ¹⁶³, V. Sharma ¹⁶³, M. Tadel ¹⁶³, E. Vourliotis ¹⁶³, F. Würthwein ¹⁶³, A. Yagil ¹⁶³, Z. Zhao ¹⁶³, A. Barzdukas ¹⁶⁴, L. Brennan ¹⁶⁴, C. Campagnari ¹⁶⁴, S. Carron Montero ^164,ffff, K. Downham ¹⁶⁴, C. Grieco ¹⁶⁴, M. M. Hussain¹⁶⁴, J. Incandela ¹⁶⁴, M. W. K. Lai¹⁶⁴, A. J. Li ¹⁶⁴, P. Masterson ¹⁶⁴, J. Richman ¹⁶⁴, S. N. Santpur ¹⁶⁴, U. Sarica ¹⁶⁴, R. Schmitz ¹⁶⁴, D. Stuart ¹⁶⁴, T. Á. Vámi ¹⁶⁴, X. Yan ¹⁶⁴, D. Zhang ¹⁶⁴, A. Albert ¹⁶⁵, S. Bhattacharya ¹⁶⁵, A. Bornheim ¹⁶⁵, O. Cerri¹⁶⁵, R. Kansal ¹⁶⁵, J. Mao ¹⁶⁵, H. B. Newman ¹⁶⁵, G. Reales Gutiérrez¹⁶⁵, T. Sievert¹⁶⁵, M. Spiropulu ¹⁶⁵, J. R. Vlimant ¹⁶⁵, R. A. Wynne ¹⁶⁵, S. Xie ¹⁶⁵, J. Alison ¹⁶⁶, S. An ¹⁶⁶, M. Cremonesi¹⁶⁶, V. Dutta ¹⁶⁶, E. Y. Ertorer ¹⁶⁶, T. Ferguson ¹⁶⁶, T. A. Gómez Espinosa ¹⁶⁶, A. Harilal ¹⁶⁶, A. Kallil Tharayil¹⁶⁶, M. Kanemura¹⁶⁶, C. Liu ¹⁶⁶, M. Marchegiani ¹⁶⁶, P. Meiring ¹⁶⁶, S. Murthy ¹⁶⁶, P. Palit ¹⁶⁶, K. Park ¹⁶⁶, M. Paulini ¹⁶⁶, A. Roberts ¹⁶⁶, A. Sanchez ¹⁶⁶, W. Terrill ¹⁶⁶, J. P. Cumalat ¹⁶⁷, W. T. Ford ¹⁶⁷, A. Hart ¹⁶⁷, S. Kwan ¹⁶⁷, J. Pearkes ¹⁶⁷, C. Savard ¹⁶⁷, N. Schonbeck ¹⁶⁷, K. Stenson ¹⁶⁷, K. A. Ulmer ¹⁶⁷, S. R. Wagner ¹⁶⁷, N. Zipper ¹⁶⁷, D. Zuolo ¹⁶⁷, J. Alexander ¹⁶⁸, X. Chen ¹⁶⁸, J. Dickinson ¹⁶⁸, A. Duquette¹⁶⁸, J. Fan ¹⁶⁸, X. Fan ¹⁶⁸, J. Grassi ¹⁶⁸, S. Hogan ¹⁶⁸, P. Kotamnives ¹⁶⁸, J. Monroy ¹⁶⁸, G. Niendorf ¹⁶⁸, M. Oshiro ¹⁶⁸, J. R. Patterson ¹⁶⁸, A. Ryd ¹⁶⁸, J. Thom ¹⁶⁸, P. Wittich ¹⁶⁸, R. Zou ¹⁶⁸, L. Zygala ¹⁶⁸, M. Albrow ¹⁶⁹, M. Alyari ¹⁶⁹, O. Amram ¹⁶⁹, G. Apollinari ¹⁶⁹, A. Apresyan ¹⁶⁹, L. A. T. Bauerdick ¹⁶⁹, D. Berry ¹⁶⁹, J. Berryhill ¹⁶⁹, P. C. Bhat ¹⁶⁹, K. Burkett ¹⁶⁹, J. N. Butler ¹⁶⁹, A. Canepa ¹⁶⁹, G. B. Cerati ¹⁶⁹, H. W. K. Cheung ¹⁶⁹, F. Chlebana ¹⁶⁹, C. Cosby ¹⁶⁹, G. Cummings ¹⁶⁹, I. Dutta ¹⁶⁹, V. D. Elvira ¹⁶⁹, J. Freeman ¹⁶⁹, A. Gandrakota ¹⁶⁹, Z. Gecse ¹⁶⁹, L. Gray ¹⁶⁹, D. Green¹⁶⁹, A. Grummer ¹⁶⁹, S. Grünendahl ¹⁶⁹, D. Guerrero ¹⁶⁹, O. Gutsche ¹⁶⁹, R. M. Harris ¹⁶⁹, T. C. Herwig ¹⁶⁹, J. Hirschauer ¹⁶⁹, V. Innocente ¹⁶⁹, B. Jayatilaka ¹⁶⁹, S. Jindariani ¹⁶⁹, M. Johnson ¹⁶⁹, U. Joshi ¹⁶⁹, B. Klima ¹⁶⁹, K. H. M. Kwok ¹⁶⁹, S. Lammel ¹⁶⁹, C. Lee ¹⁶⁹, D. Lincoln ¹⁶⁹, R. Lipton ¹⁶⁹, T. Liu ¹⁶⁹, K. Maeshima ¹⁶⁹, D. Mason ¹⁶⁹, P. McBride ¹⁶⁹, P. Merkel ¹⁶⁹, S. Mrenna ¹⁶⁹, S. Nahn ¹⁶⁹, J. Ngadiuba ¹⁶⁹, D. Noonan ¹⁶⁹, S. Norberg¹⁶⁹, V. Papadimitriou ¹⁶⁹, N. Pastika ¹⁶⁹, K. Pedro ¹⁶⁹, C. Pena ^169,gggg, C. E. Perez Lara ¹⁶⁹, F. Ravera ¹⁶⁹, A. Reinsvold Hall ^169,hhhh, L. Ristori ¹⁶⁹, M. Safdari ¹⁶⁹, E. Sexton-Kennedy ¹⁶⁹, N. Smith ¹⁶⁹, A. Soha ¹⁶⁹, L. Spiegel ¹⁶⁹, S. Stoynev ¹⁶⁹, J. Strait ¹⁶⁹, L. Taylor ¹⁶⁹, S. Tkaczyk ¹⁶⁹, N. V. Tran ¹⁶⁹, L. Uplegger ¹⁶⁹, E. W. Vaandering ¹⁶⁹, C. Wang¹⁶⁹, I. Zoi ¹⁶⁹, C. Aruta ¹⁷⁰, P. Avery ¹⁷⁰, D. Bourilkov ¹⁷⁰, P. Chang ¹⁷⁰, V. Cherepanov ¹⁷⁰, R. D. Field¹⁷⁰, C. Huh ¹⁷⁰, E. Koenig ¹⁷⁰, M. Kolosova ¹⁷⁰, J. Konigsberg ¹⁷⁰, A. Korytov ¹⁷⁰, G. Mitselmakher ¹⁷⁰, K. Mohrman ¹⁷⁰, A. Muthirakalayil Madhu ¹⁷⁰, N. Rawal ¹⁷⁰, S. Rosenzweig ¹⁷⁰, V. Sulimov ¹⁷⁰, Y. Takahashi ¹⁷⁰, J. Wang ¹⁷⁰, T. Adams ¹⁷¹, A. Al Kadhim ¹⁷¹, A. Askew ¹⁷¹, S. Bower ¹⁷¹, R. Goff¹⁷¹, R. Hashmi ¹⁷¹, A. Hassani ¹⁷¹, R. S. Kim ¹⁷¹, T. Kolberg ¹⁷¹, G. Martinez ¹⁷¹, M. Mazza ¹⁷¹, H. Prosper ¹⁷¹, P. R. Prova¹⁷¹, R. Yohay ¹⁷¹, B. Alsufyani ¹⁷², S. Butalla ¹⁷², S. Das ¹⁷², M. Hohlmann ¹⁷², M. Lavinsky¹⁷², E. Yanes¹⁷², M. R. Adams ¹⁷³, N. Barnett¹⁷³, A. Baty ¹⁷³, C. Bennett ¹⁷³, R. Cavanaugh ¹⁷³, R. Escobar Franco ¹⁷³, O. Evdokimov ¹⁷³, C. E. Gerber ¹⁷³, H. Gupta ¹⁷³, M. Hawksworth ¹⁷³, A. Hingrajiya¹⁷³, D. J. Hofman ¹⁷³, Z. Huang ¹⁷³, J. h. Lee ¹⁷³, C. Mills ¹⁷³, S. Nanda ¹⁷³, G. Nigmatkulov ¹⁷³, B. Ozek ¹⁷³, T. Phan¹⁷³, D. Pilipovic ¹⁷³, R. Pradhan ¹⁷³, E. Prifti¹⁷³, P. Roy¹⁷³, T. Roy ¹⁷³, D. Shekar¹⁷³, N. Singh¹⁷³, M. B. Tonjes ¹⁷³, N. Varelas ¹⁷³, M. A. Wadud ¹⁷³, J. Yoo ¹⁷³, M. Alhusseini ¹⁷⁴, D. Blend ¹⁷⁴, K. Dilsiz ^174,iiii, O. K. Köseyan ¹⁷⁴, A. Mestvirishvili ^174,jjjj, O. Neogi¹⁷⁴, H. Ogul ^174,kkkk, Y. Onel ¹⁷⁴, A. Penzo ¹⁷⁴, C. Snyder¹⁷⁴, E. Tiras ^174,llll, B. Blumenfeld ¹⁷⁵, J. Davis ¹⁷⁵, A. V. Gritsan ¹⁷⁵, L. Kang ¹⁷⁵, S. Kyriacou ¹⁷⁵, P. Maksimovic ¹⁷⁵, M. Roguljic ¹⁷⁵, S. Sekhar ¹⁷⁵, M. V. Srivastav ¹⁷⁵, M. Swartz ¹⁷⁵, A. Abreu ¹⁷⁶, L. F. Alcerro Alcerro ¹⁷⁶, J. Anguiano ¹⁷⁶, S. Arteaga Escatel ¹⁷⁶, P. Baringer ¹⁷⁶, A. Bean ¹⁷⁶, R. Bhattacharya ¹⁷⁶, Z. Flowers ¹⁷⁶, D. Grove ¹⁷⁶, J. King ¹⁷⁶, G. Krintiras ¹⁷⁶, M. Lazarovits ¹⁷⁶, C. Le Mahieu ¹⁷⁶, J. Marquez ¹⁷⁶, M. Murray ¹⁷⁶, M. Nickel ¹⁷⁶, S. Popescu ^176,mmmm, C. Rogan ¹⁷⁶, C. Royon ¹⁷⁶, S. Rudrabhatla ¹⁷⁶, S. Sanders ¹⁷⁶, C. Smith ¹⁷⁶, G. Wilson ¹⁷⁶, B. Allmond ¹⁷⁷, N. Islam¹⁷⁷, A. Ivanov ¹⁷⁷, K. Kaadze ¹⁷⁷, Y. Maravin ¹⁷⁷, J. Natoli ¹⁷⁷, G. G. Reddy ¹⁷⁷, D. Roy ¹⁷⁷, G. Sorrentino ¹⁷⁷, A. Baden ¹⁷⁸, A. Belloni ¹⁷⁸, J. Bistany-riebman¹⁷⁸, S. C. Eno ¹⁷⁸, N. J. Hadley ¹⁷⁸, S. Jabeen ¹⁷⁸, R. G. Kellogg ¹⁷⁸, T. Koeth ¹⁷⁸, B. Kronheim¹⁷⁸, S. Lascio ¹⁷⁸, P. Major ¹⁷⁸, A. C. Mignerey ¹⁷⁸, C. Palmer ¹⁷⁸, C. Papageorgakis ¹⁷⁸, M. M. Paranjpe¹⁷⁸, E. Popova ^178,nnnn, A. Shevelev ¹⁷⁸, L. Zhang ¹⁷⁸, C. Baldenegro Barrera ¹⁷⁹, H. Bossi ¹⁷⁹, S. Bright-Thonney ¹⁷⁹, I. A. Cali ¹⁷⁹, Y. c. Chen ¹⁷⁹, P. c. Chou ¹⁷⁹, M. D’Alfonso ¹⁷⁹, J. Eysermans ¹⁷⁹, C. Freer ¹⁷⁹, G. Gomez-Ceballos ¹⁷⁹, M. Goncharov¹⁷⁹, G. Grosso ¹⁷⁹, P. Harris¹⁷⁹, D. Hoang ¹⁷⁹, G. M. Innocenti ¹⁷⁹, K. Ivanov ¹⁷⁹, D. Kovalskyi ¹⁷⁹, J. Krupa ¹⁷⁹, L. Lavezzo ¹⁷⁹, Y.-J. Lee ¹⁷⁹, K. Long ¹⁷⁹, C. Mcginn ¹⁷⁹, A. Novak ¹⁷⁹, M. I. Park ¹⁷⁹, C. Paus ¹⁷⁹, C. Reissel ¹⁷⁹, C. Roland ¹⁷⁹, G. Roland ¹⁷⁹, S. Rothman ¹⁷⁹, T. a. Sheng ¹⁷⁹, G. S. F. Stephans ¹⁷⁹, D. Walter ¹⁷⁹, J. Wang¹⁷⁹, Z. Wang ¹⁷⁹, B. Wyslouch ¹⁷⁹, T. J. Yang ¹⁷⁹, B. Crossman ¹⁸⁰, W. J. Jackson¹⁸⁰, C. Kapsiak ¹⁸⁰, M. Krohn ¹⁸⁰, D. Mahon ¹⁸⁰, J. Mans ¹⁸⁰, B. Marzocchi ¹⁸⁰, R. Rusack ¹⁸⁰, O. Sancar ¹⁸⁰, R. Saradhy ¹⁸⁰, N. Strobbe ¹⁸⁰, K. Bloom ¹⁸¹, D. R. Claes ¹⁸¹, G. Haza ¹⁸¹, J. Hossain ¹⁸¹, C. Joo ¹⁸¹, I. Kravchenko ¹⁸¹, A. Rohilla ¹⁸¹, J. E. Siado ¹⁸¹, W. Tabb ¹⁸¹, A. Vagnerini ¹⁸¹, A. Wightman ¹⁸¹, F. Yan ¹⁸¹, H. Bandyopadhyay ¹⁸², L. Hay ¹⁸², H. w. Hsia ¹⁸², I. Iashvili ¹⁸², A. Kalogeropoulos ¹⁸², A. Kharchilava ¹⁸², A. Mandal ¹⁸², M. Morris ¹⁸², D. Nguyen ¹⁸², S. Rappoccio ¹⁸², H. Rejeb Sfar¹⁸², A. Williams ¹⁸², P. Young ¹⁸², D. Yu ¹⁸², G. Alverson ¹⁸³, E. Barberis ¹⁸³, J. Bonilla ¹⁸³, B. Bylsma¹⁸³, M. Campana ¹⁸³, J. Dervan ¹⁸³, Y. Haddad ¹⁸³, Y. Han ¹⁸³, I. Israr ¹⁸³, A. Krishna ¹⁸³, M. Lu ¹⁸³, N. Manganelli ¹⁸³, R. Mccarthy ¹⁸³, D. M. Morse ¹⁸³, T. Orimoto ¹⁸³, L. Skinnari ¹⁸³, C. S. Thoreson ¹⁸³, E. Tsai ¹⁸³, D. Wood ¹⁸³, S. Dittmer ¹⁸⁴, K. A. Hahn ¹⁸⁴, M. Mcginnis ¹⁸⁴, Y. Miao ¹⁸⁴, D. G. Monk ¹⁸⁴, M. H. Schmitt ¹⁸⁴, A. Taliercio ¹⁸⁴, M. Velasco ¹⁸⁴, J. Wang¹⁸⁴, G. Agarwal ¹⁸⁵, R. Band ¹⁸⁵, R. Bucci¹⁸⁵, S. Castells ¹⁸⁵, A. Das ¹⁸⁵, A. Datta ¹⁸⁵, A. Ehnis¹⁸⁵, R. Goldouzian ¹⁸⁵, M. Hildreth ¹⁸⁵, K. Hurtado Anampa ¹⁸⁵, T. Ivanov ¹⁸⁵, C. Jessop ¹⁸⁵, A. Karneyeu ¹⁸⁵, K. Lannon ¹⁸⁵, J. Lawrence ¹⁸⁵, N. Loukas ¹⁸⁵, L. Lutton ¹⁸⁵, J. Mariano ¹⁸⁵, N. Marinelli¹⁸⁵, T. McCauley ¹⁸⁵, C. Mcgrady ¹⁸⁵, C. Moore ¹⁸⁵, Y. Musienko ^185,nnnn, H. Nelson ¹⁸⁵, M. Osherson ¹⁸⁵, A. Piccinelli ¹⁸⁵, R. Ruchti ¹⁸⁵, A. Townsend ¹⁸⁵, Y. Wan¹⁸⁵, M. Wayne ¹⁸⁵, H. Yockey¹⁸⁵, A. Basnet ¹⁸⁶, M. Carrigan ¹⁸⁶, R. De Los Santos ¹⁸⁶, L. S. Durkin ¹⁸⁶, C. Hill ¹⁸⁶, M. Joyce ¹⁸⁶, D. A. Wenzl¹⁸⁶, B. L. Winer ¹⁸⁶, B. R. Yates ¹⁸⁶, H. Bouchamaoui ¹⁸⁷, G. Dezoort ¹⁸⁷, P. Elmer ¹⁸⁷, A. Frankenthal ¹⁸⁷, M. Galli ¹⁸⁷, B. Greenberg ¹⁸⁷, N. Haubrich ¹⁸⁷, K. Kennedy¹⁸⁷, G. Kopp ¹⁸⁷, Y. Lai ¹⁸⁷, D. Lange ¹⁸⁷, A. Loeliger ¹⁸⁷, D. Marlow ¹⁸⁷, I. Ojalvo ¹⁸⁷, J. Olsen ¹⁸⁷, F. Simpson ¹⁸⁷, D. Stickland ¹⁸⁷, C. Tully ¹⁸⁷, S. Malik ¹⁸⁸, R. Sharma ¹⁸⁸, S. Chandra ¹⁸⁹, R. Chawla ¹⁸⁹, A. Gu ¹⁸⁹, L. Gutay¹⁸⁹, M. Jones ¹⁸⁹, A. W. Jung ¹⁸⁹, D. Kondratyev ¹⁸⁹, M. Liu ¹⁸⁹, G. Negro ¹⁸⁹, N. Neumeister ¹⁸⁹, G. Paspalaki ¹⁸⁹, S. Piperov ¹⁸⁹, N. R. Saha ¹⁸⁹, J. F. Schulte ¹⁸⁹, F. Wang ¹⁸⁹, A. Wildridge ¹⁸⁹, W. Xie ¹⁸⁹, Y. Yao ¹⁸⁹, Y. Zhong ¹⁸⁹, N. Parashar ¹⁹⁰, A. Pathak ¹⁹⁰, E. Shumka ¹⁹⁰, D. Acosta ¹⁹¹, A. Agrawal ¹⁹¹, C. Arbour ¹⁹¹, T. Carnahan ¹⁹¹, P. Das ¹⁹¹, K. M. Ecklund ¹⁹¹, S. Freed¹⁹¹, F. J. M. Geurts ¹⁹¹, T. Huang ¹⁹¹, I. Krommydas ¹⁹¹, N. Lewis¹⁹¹, W. Li ¹⁹¹, J. Lin ¹⁹¹, O. Miguel Colin ¹⁹¹, B. P. Padley ¹⁹¹, R. Redjimi ¹⁹¹, J. Rotter ¹⁹¹, C. Vico Villalba ¹⁹¹, M. Wulansatiti ¹⁹¹, E. Yigitbasi ¹⁹¹, Y. Zhang ¹⁹¹, O. Bessidskaia Bylund¹⁹², A. Bodek ¹⁹², P. de Barbaro ^192,a, R. Demina ¹⁹², A. Garcia-Bellido ¹⁹², H. S. Hare ¹⁹², O. Hindrichs ¹⁹², N. Parmar ¹⁹², P. Parygin ^192,nnnn, H. Seo ¹⁹², R. Taus ¹⁹², B. Chiarito¹⁹³, J. P. Chou ¹⁹³, S. V. Clark ¹⁹³, S. Donnelly¹⁹³, D. Gadkari ¹⁹³, Y. Gershtein ¹⁹³, E. Halkiadakis ¹⁹³, C. Houghton ¹⁹³, D. Jaroslawski ¹⁹³, A. Kobert ¹⁹³, S. Konstantinou ¹⁹³, I. Laflotte ¹⁹³, A. Lath ¹⁹³, J. Martins ¹⁹³, M. Perez Prada ¹⁹³, B. Rand ¹⁹³, J. Reichert ¹⁹³, P. Saha ¹⁹³, S. Salur ¹⁹³, S. Schnetzer¹⁹³, S. Somalwar ¹⁹³, R. Stone ¹⁹³, S. A. Thayil ¹⁹³, S. Thomas¹⁹³, J. Vora ¹⁹³, D. Ally ¹⁹⁴, A. G. Delannoy ¹⁹⁴, S. Fiorendi ¹⁹⁴, J. Harris¹⁹⁴, T. Holmes ¹⁹⁴, A. R. Kanuganti ¹⁹⁴, N. Karunarathna ¹⁹⁴, J. Lawless¹⁹⁴, L. Lee ¹⁹⁴, E. Nibigira ¹⁹⁴, B. Skipworth¹⁹⁴, S. Spanier ¹⁹⁴, D. Aebi ¹⁹⁵, M. Ahmad ¹⁹⁵, T. Akhter ¹⁹⁵, K. Androsov ¹⁹⁵, A. Bolshov¹⁹⁵, O. Bouhali ^195,oooo, A. Cagnotta ¹⁹⁵, V. D’Amante ¹⁹⁵, R. Eusebi ¹⁹⁵, P. Flanagan ¹⁹⁵, J. Gilmore ¹⁹⁵, Y. Guo¹⁹⁵, T. Kamon ¹⁹⁵, S. Luo ¹⁹⁵, R. Mueller ¹⁹⁵, A. Safonov ¹⁹⁵, N. Akchurin ¹⁹⁶, J. Damgov ¹⁹⁶, Y. Feng ¹⁹⁶, N. Gogate ¹⁹⁶, W. Jin ¹⁹⁶, Y. Kazhykarim¹⁹⁶, K. Lamichhane ¹⁹⁶, S. W. Lee ¹⁹⁶, C. Madrid ¹⁹⁶, A. Mankel ¹⁹⁶, T. Peltola ¹⁹⁶, I. Volobouev ¹⁹⁶, E. Appelt ¹⁹⁷, Y. Chen ¹⁹⁷, S. Greene¹⁹⁷, A. Gurrola ¹⁹⁷, W. Johns ¹⁹⁷, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli ¹⁹⁷, A. Melo ¹⁹⁷, D. Rathjens ¹⁹⁷, F. Romeo ¹⁹⁷, P. Sheldon ¹⁹⁷, S. Tuo ¹⁹⁷, J. Velkovska ¹⁹⁷, J. Viinikainen ¹⁹⁷, J. Zhang¹⁹⁷, B. Cardwell ¹⁹⁸, H. Chung ¹⁹⁸, B. Cox ¹⁹⁸, J. Hakala ¹⁹⁸, G. Hamilton Ilha Machado¹⁹⁸, R. Hirosky ¹⁹⁸, M. Jose¹⁹⁸, A. Ledovskoy ¹⁹⁸, C. Mantilla ¹⁹⁸, C. Neu ¹⁹⁸, C. Ramón Álvarez ¹⁹⁸, Z. Wu¹⁹⁸, S. Bhattacharya ¹⁹⁹, P. E. Karchin ¹⁹⁹, A. Aravind ²⁰⁰, S. Banerjee ²⁰⁰, K. Black ²⁰⁰, T. Bose ²⁰⁰, E. Chavez ²⁰⁰, S. Dasu ²⁰⁰, P. Everaerts ²⁰⁰, C. Galloni²⁰⁰, H. He ²⁰⁰, M. Herndon ²⁰⁰, A. Herve ²⁰⁰, C. K. Koraka ²⁰⁰, S. Lomte ²⁰⁰, R. Loveless ²⁰⁰, A. Mallampalli ²⁰⁰, A. Mohammadi ²⁰⁰, S. Mondal²⁰⁰, T. Nelson²⁰⁰, G. Parida ²⁰⁰, L. Pétré ²⁰⁰, D. Pinna ²⁰⁰, A. Savin²⁰⁰, V. Shang ²⁰⁰, V. Sharma ²⁰⁰, W. H. Smith ²⁰⁰, D. Teague²⁰⁰, H. F. Tsoi ²⁰⁰, W. Vetens ²⁰⁰, A. Warden ²⁰⁰, S. Afanasiev ²⁰¹, V. Alexakhin ²⁰¹, Yu. Andreev ²⁰¹, T. Aushev ²⁰¹, D. Budkouski ²⁰¹, R. Chistov ²⁰¹, M. Danilov ²⁰¹, T. Dimova ²⁰¹, A. Ershov ²⁰¹, S. Gninenko ²⁰¹, I. Gorbunov ²⁰¹, A. Gribushin ²⁰¹, A. Kamenev ²⁰¹, V. Karjavine ²⁰¹, M. Kirsanov ²⁰¹, V. Klyukhin ²⁰¹, O. Kodolova ^201,pppp, V. Korenkov ²⁰¹, I. Korsakov²⁰¹, A. Kozyrev ²⁰¹, N. Krasnikov ²⁰¹, A. Lanev ²⁰¹, A. Malakhov ²⁰¹, V. Matveev ²⁰¹, A. Nikitenko ^{201,pppp,qqqq}, V. Palichik ²⁰¹, V. Perelygin ²⁰¹, S. Petrushanko ²⁰¹, S. Polikarpov ²⁰¹, O. Radchenko ²⁰¹, M. Savina ²⁰¹, V. Shalaev ²⁰¹, S. Shmatov ²⁰¹, S. Shulha ²⁰¹, Y. Skovpen ²⁰¹, K. Slizhevskiy²⁰¹, V. Smirnov ²⁰¹, O. Teryaev ²⁰¹, I. Tlisova ²⁰¹, A. Toropin ²⁰¹, N. Voytishin ²⁰¹, A. Zarubin ²⁰¹, I. Zhizhin ²⁰¹, L. Dudko ²⁰², V. Kim ^202,nnnn, V. Murzin ²⁰², V. Oreshkin ²⁰², D. Sosnov ²⁰², E. Boos ²⁰², V. Bunichev ²⁰², M. Dubinin ^202,gggg, V. Savrin ²⁰², and A. Snigirev ²⁰² (CMS Collaboration)

¹Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
²Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Vienna, Austria
³Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
⁴Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
⁵Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
⁶Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
⁷Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
⁸Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
⁹Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
¹⁰Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
¹¹Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
¹²University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
¹³Instituto De Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica, Chile
¹⁴Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile
¹⁵Beihang University, Beijing, China
¹⁶Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
¹⁷Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
¹⁸State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
¹⁹State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
²⁰Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
²¹University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
²²Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
²³Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE)—Fudan University, Shanghai, China
²⁴Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
²⁵Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
²⁶Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
²⁷University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Split, Croatia
²⁸University of Split, Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
²⁹Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
³⁰University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
³¹Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
³²Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
³³Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
³⁴Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
³⁵Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU), Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
³⁶National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
³⁷Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
³⁸Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
³⁹Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
⁴⁰IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁴¹Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
⁴²Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
⁴³Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France
⁴⁴Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I), Villeurbanne, France
⁴⁵Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
⁴⁶RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
⁴⁷RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
⁴⁸RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
⁴⁹Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
⁵⁰University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
⁵¹Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
⁵²Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
⁵³National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
⁵⁴National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
⁵⁵University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina, Greece
⁵⁶HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
⁵⁷MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
⁵⁸Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
⁵⁹HUN-REN ATOMKI—Institute of Nuclear Research, Debrecen, Hungary
⁶⁰Karoly Robert Campus, MATE Institute of Technology, Gyongyos, Hungary
⁶¹IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
⁶²Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
⁶³University of Delhi, Delhi, India
⁶⁴Indian Institute of Technology Mandi (IIT-Mandi), Himachal Pradesh, India
⁶⁵University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
⁶⁶Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
⁶⁷Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
⁶⁸Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
⁶⁹IISER Mohali, India, Mohali, India
⁷⁰Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
⁷¹Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
⁷²National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
⁷³Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
⁷⁴Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
⁷⁵Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
⁷⁶Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
⁷⁷University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
^78aINFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
^78bUniversità di Bari, Bari, Italy
^78cPolitecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
^79aINFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
^79bUniversità di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
^80aINFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
^80bUniversità di Catania, Catania, Italy
^81aINFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
^81bUniversità di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
⁸²INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
^83aINFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
^83bUniversità di Genova, Genova, Italy
^84aINFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
^84bUniversità di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
^85aINFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
^85bUniversità di Napoli “Federico II,” Napoli, Italy
^85cUniversità della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
^85dScuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), Napoli, Italy
^86aINFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
^86bUniversità di Padova, Padova, Italy
^86cUniversita degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
^87aINFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
^87bUniversità di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
^88aINFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
^88bUniversità di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
^89aINFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
^89bUniversità di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
^89cScuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
^89dUniversità di Siena, Siena, Italy
^90aINFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
^90bSapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
^91aINFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
^91bUniversità di Torino, Torino, Italy
^91cUniversità del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
^92aINFN Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
^92bUniversità di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
⁹³Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
⁹⁴Department of Mathematics and Physics—GWNU, Gangneung, Korea
⁹⁵Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
⁹⁶Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
⁹⁷Korea University, Seoul, Korea
⁹⁸Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
⁹⁹Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
¹⁰⁰Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
¹⁰¹University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
¹⁰²Yonsei University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
¹⁰³Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
¹⁰⁴College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East (AUM), Dasman, Kuwait
¹⁰⁵Kuwait University—College of Science—Department of Physics, Safat, Kuwait
¹⁰⁶Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
¹⁰⁷University of Latvia (LU), Riga, Latvia
¹⁰⁸Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
¹⁰⁹National Centre for Particle Physics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
¹¹⁰Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo, Mexico
¹¹¹Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
¹¹²Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
¹¹³Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
¹¹⁴University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
¹¹⁵University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
¹¹⁶National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
¹¹⁷AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
¹¹⁸National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
¹¹⁹Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
¹²⁰Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
¹²¹Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
¹²⁴Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
¹²⁵VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
¹²⁶Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
¹²⁷Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
¹²⁸Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias (ICTEA), Oviedo, Spain
¹²⁹Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
¹³⁰University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
¹³¹University of Ruhuna, Department of Physics, Matara, Sri Lanka
¹³²CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
¹³⁴PSI Center for Neutron and Muon Sciences, Villigen, Switzerland
¹³⁵ETH Zurich - Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
¹³⁶Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
¹³⁷National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
¹³⁸National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
¹³⁹High Energy Physics Research Unit, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
¹⁴⁰Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
¹⁴¹Çukurova University, Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
¹⁴²Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
¹⁴³Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey
¹⁴⁴Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
¹⁴⁵Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
¹⁴⁶Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
¹⁴⁷Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
¹⁴⁸Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
¹⁴⁹National Science Centre, Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv, Ukraine
¹⁵⁰University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
¹⁵¹Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
¹⁵²Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
¹⁵³Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
¹⁵⁴Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
¹⁵⁵Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
¹⁵⁶Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
¹⁵⁷The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
¹⁵⁸Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
¹⁵⁹Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
¹⁶⁰University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
¹⁶¹University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
¹⁶²University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
¹⁶³University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
¹⁶⁴University of California, Santa Barbara—Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California, USA
¹⁶⁵California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
¹⁶⁶Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
¹⁶⁷University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
¹⁶⁸Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
¹⁶⁹Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
¹⁷⁰University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
¹⁷¹Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
¹⁷²Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
¹⁷³University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
¹⁷⁴The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
¹⁷⁵Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
¹⁷⁶The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
¹⁷⁷Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
¹⁷⁸University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
¹⁷⁹Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
¹⁸⁰University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
¹⁸¹University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
¹⁸²State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
¹⁸³Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
¹⁸⁴Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
¹⁸⁵University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
¹⁸⁶The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
¹⁸⁷Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
¹⁸⁸University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, USA
¹⁸⁹Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
¹⁹⁰Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, Indiana, USA
¹⁹¹Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
¹⁹²University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
¹⁹³Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
¹⁹⁴University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
¹⁹⁵Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
¹⁹⁶Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
¹⁹⁷Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
¹⁹⁸University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
¹⁹⁹Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
²⁰⁰University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
²⁰¹An institute or international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
²⁰²An institute formerly covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN

^*Full author list given at the end of the Letter.
^aDeceased.
^bAlso at Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia.
^cAlso at TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.
^dAlso at Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
^eAlso at FACAMP—Faculdades de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
^fAlso at Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
^gAlso at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
^hAlso at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
ⁱAlso at The University of the State of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
^jAlso at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
^kAlso at China Center of Advanced Science and Technology, Beijing, China.
^lAlso at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
^mAlso at School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
ⁿPresent address: Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
^oAlso at University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
^pPresent address: The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
^qAlso at Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
^rAlso at Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
^sAlso at Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
^tPresent address: Zewail City of Science and Technology, Zewail, Egypt.
^uAlso at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
^vAlso at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
^wAlso at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France.
^xAlso at Another institute or international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN.
^yAlso at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
^zAlso at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany.
^aaAlso at Bergische University Wuppertal (BUW), Wuppertal, Germany.
^bbAlso at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany.
^ccAlso at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Juelich, Germany.
^ddAlso at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland.
^eeAlso at HUN-REN ATOMKI—Institute of Nuclear Research, Debrecen, Hungary.
^ffPresent address: Universitatea Babes-Bolyai—Facultatea de Fizica, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
^ggAlso at MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
^hhAlso at HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary.
ⁱⁱAlso at Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
^jjAlso at The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
^kkAlso at IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
^llAlso at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
^mmAlso at University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
ⁿⁿAlso at Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India.
^ooAlso at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India.
^ppAlso at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India.
^qqAlso at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany.
^rrAlso at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
^ssAlso at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
^ttAlso at Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, Behshahr, Iran.
^uuAlso at Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
^vvAlso at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Bologna, Italy.
^wwAlso at Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia, Catania, Italy.
^xxAlso at James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA.
^yyAlso at Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, Roma, Italy.
^zzAlso at Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Napoli, Italy.
^aaaAlso at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA.
^bbbAlso at Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden.
^cccAlso at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro dell’INFN, Legnaro, Italy.
^dddAlso at Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Perugia, Italy.
^eeeAlso at UPES—University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.
^fffAlso at Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I), Villeurbanne, France.
^gggAlso at Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
^hhhAlso at Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Nilaveli, Sri Lanka.
ⁱⁱⁱAlso at Saegis Campus, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
^jjjAlso at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
^kkkAlso at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
^lllAlso at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
^mmmAlso at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria.
ⁿⁿⁿAlso at Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health Science, Mersin, Turkey.
^oooAlso at Konya Technical University, Konya, Turkey.
^pppAlso at Izmir Bakircay University, Izmir, Turkey.
^qqqAlso at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
^rrrAlso at Bozok Universitetesi Rektörlügü, Yozgat, Turkey.
^sssAlso at Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
^tttAlso at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
^uuuAlso at Milli Savunma University, Istanbul, Turkey.
^vvvAlso at Informatics and Information Security Research Center, Gebze/Kocaeli, Turkey.
^wwwAlso at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
^xxxPresent address: Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey.
^yyyAlso at Istanbul University—Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
^zzzAlso at Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.
^aaaaAlso at Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
^bbbbAlso at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
^ccccAlso at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia.
^ddddAlso at Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.
^eeeeAlso at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
^ffffAlso at California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, California, USA.
^ggggAlso at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.
^hhhhAlso at United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, USA.
ⁱⁱⁱⁱAlso at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey.
^jjjjAlso at Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
^kkkkAlso at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey.
^llllAlso at Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
^mmmmAlso at Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Bucharest, Romania.
ⁿⁿⁿⁿPresent address: Another institute formerly covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN.
^ooooAlso at Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar.
^ppppAlso at Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia.
^qqqqAlso at Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.

PDF

Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 142301 – Published 28 September, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ll3f-l5xv

Abstract

The first measurement of coherent $ϒ (1 S)$ meson photoproduction off heavy nuclei is performed using ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions collected by the CMS experiment at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The nuclear gluonic structure is probed at a nucleon momentum fraction of order $x \sim 10^{- 3}$ , determined by the kinematics of the process. Owing to the large $ϒ (1 S)$ mass, the measurement reaches the highest scale accessible so far through coherent vector-meson photoproduction, $μ^{2} = 22.4 {GeV}^{2}$ , where nonlinear quantum chromodynamics effects are expected to be minimal. In the $ϒ (1 S)$ rapidity range $| y | < 1$ , the ratio of the measured photoproduction cross section to a baseline model prediction that neglects nuclear effects is $S_{ϒ (1 S)} = 0.25 \pm 0.06 (stat) \pm 0.02 (syst)$ , thereby demonstrating nuclear suppression in this process. Expressed in terms of a nuclear gluon suppression factor, the result yields $R_{g}^{Pb} (x \approx 10^{- 3}, μ^{2} = 22.4 {GeV}^{2}) = 0.55 \pm 0.12 (stat) \pm 0.02 (syst)$ . The measured $S_{ϒ (1 S)}$ is only slightly larger than the values previously reported for coherent $ϕ$ photoproduction, despite the probed $μ^{2}$ differing by approximately 2 orders of magnitude.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 142301– Published 28 September, 2026

Vol. 137, Iss. 14 — 2 October 2026

Received 7 April 2026
Revised 4 August 2026
Accepted 25 August 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ll3f-l5xv

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by CERN.

Physical Review Letters

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Observation of Nuclear Suppression in Coherent $ϒ (1 S)$ Photoproduction off Heavy Nuclei at the LHC

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Observation of Nuclear Suppression in Coherent ϒ(1S) Photoproduction off Heavy Nuclei at the LHC

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

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References (80)

Observation of Nuclear Suppression in Coherent $ϒ (1 S)$ Photoproduction off Heavy Nuclei at the LHC