Clifford Hierarchy Stabilizer Codes: Transversal Non-Clifford Gates and Magic States
Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 250802 – Published 23 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/j2q4-bnc6
Abstract
A fundamental problem in fault-tolerant quantum computation is the tradeoff between universality and dimensionality, exemplified by the Bravyi-König bound for -dimensional topological stabilizer codes. In this Letter, we extend topological Pauli stabilizer codes to a broad class of -dimensional Clifford hierarchy stabilizer codes. These codes correspond to the Dijkgraaf-Witten gauge theories with non-Abelian topological order. We construct transversal non-Clifford gates through automorphism symmetries represented by cup products. In 2D, we obtain the first transversal non-Clifford logical gates including t and cs for Clifford stabilizer codes, using the automorphism of the twisted gauge theory (equivalent to topological order). We also combine it with the just-in-time decoder to fault-tolerantly prepare the logical t magic state in rounds via code switching. In 3D, we construct a transversal logical gate in a non-Clifford stabilizer code at the third level of the Clifford hierarchy, located on a tetrahedron corresponding to a twisted gauge theory. Our constructions surpass the Bravyi-König bound by achieving the logical gates in the ()th level of Clifford hierarchy in spatial dimension.