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    Quantum Error Correction with Superpositions of Squeezed Fock States

    Yexiong Zeng1,2, Fernando Quijandría1, Clemens Gneiting1,*, and Franco Nori1,3,†

    • 1RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
    • 2Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
    • 3Quantum Research Institute and Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA

    • *Contact author: clemens.gneiting@riken.jp
    • †Contact author: fnori@riken.jp

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 190602 – Published 15 May, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hr5f-lvy7

    Abstract

    Bosonic codes, leveraging infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces for redundancy, offer great potential for encoding quantum information. However, a practical continuous-variable bosonic code that can simultaneously correct both photon loss and dephasing errors, while achieving a high level of compliance with the Knill-Laflamme conditions within an experimentally friendly structure, remains elusive. Here, we propose a code based on the superposition of squeezed Fock states with an error-correcting capability that scales as ∝exp(−7r), where r is the squeezing level. The codewords remain orthogonal at all squeezing levels. In particular, this code achieves high-precision error correction for both single-photon loss and dephasing, even at moderate squeezing levels. Building on this code, we develop quantum error correction schemes that exceed the breakeven point, supported by analytical derivations of all necessary quantum gates. Our code offers a competitive alternative to previous encodings for quantum computation using continuous bosonic qubits.

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