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    Long-Lived Spin Coherence in a Densely Populated Stoichiometric Rare-Earth Crystal

    Mucheng Guo1,2,*, Zhehao Xu1,2,*, Weiye Sun1,2, Wanting Xiao1, Zongfeng Li1, Matthew J. Sellars3, Rose L. Ahlefeldt3, Fudong Wang2,†, Shuping Liu2,‡ et al.

    Manjin Zhong2,§

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: fdwang.phys@foxmail.com
    • ‡Contact author: liushuping@iqasz.cn
    • §Contact author: manjin.zhong@gmail.com

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 153601 – Published 6 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hk6v-6bp3

    Abstract

    Dense rare-earth spin ensembles in solids offer strong collective light-matter coupling for scalable quantum technologies but are typically incompatible with long coherence times due to strong dipolar interactions. Here we challenge this paradigm by showing long-lived coherence in such systems. In a stoichiometric EuCl3·6H2O crystal, we achieve hyperfine coherence times T2CPMG of up to 15 s at 4 K, extending the zero-field value T2 of 1.28 ms by more than four orders of magnitude using dynamical decoupling at a zero-first-order Zeeman (ZEFOZ) transition. Homogeneous linewidth measurements reveal a substantial suppression of resonant Eu3+−Eu3+ spin interactions introduced by the full concentration near the ZEFOZ point. Coherence remains resilient to strong local perturbations, with a 32 ms coherence time for Eu3+ ions adjacent to Er3+ dopants. These results establish stoichiometric rare-earth crystals as a promising platform for quantum memories and spin-photon interfaces, demonstrating that intrinsically high optical depth and long-lived spin coherence can coexist in a fully concentrated ensemble.

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